CHIN, ZOMI, MIZO, ZO cihtawh kisai Debate danin kikupna

CHIN, ZOMI, MIZO, ZO cih minvai tawh kisai India gam aom ih mipihte kikupna, Debate bawlna hi. Sausimsim in alunglut velvelte bekin atawpdong simzo bekding hi. This is the outcome of the debate about our nomenclatures like Chin-Kuki-Mizo-Zomi on FaceBook – Zolengthe Group. The debate vaphualshows that every one of us clearly know who we are – We are Zo, but some opined that Kuki nomenclature should be used as it is recofnised natioanly and internationally. This is the starting point of the debate: Dear friends, MIZO=ZOMI, then is it something like both side of a coin? If it is so, then there is no chance of sitting under one administrative umbrella. Another point: Another Point: Mizo or Zomi ~ Which one should be the right word? I know You will say both. But according to Pu T. Gougin, Founder President of Zomi National Congress “The land come first and then the people” therefore, it should be Zo… Mi….. that means Zo = Land and Mi = People. He further argued that MIZO is a wrong word, because before the creation of mankind, the universe was created… thats why Mi cannot come first. Do you agree? One debating point is that ….. most of us said that we are decendants of Pu Zo, then who is Pu Zo? Our scholars said Zo/Jou is a forest. What the hell is with all this nomenclatures? Comments Rose Malsawmi khawiah pawh he issue hi chu argument tam thei hrim hrim. i’m gonna shut my mouth coz i dont that much care about the zomi or mizo. whatsoever who knows i might marry a zomi aka paihte Michael Mate exactly,, we keep on saying Kuki,Mizo n Zomi r nomenclatures,,they big words,,its how we describe our nation,,but going by previous post,,Mizo s rather a tribe,,n the so called tribes r rather sub-tribes,, Rose Malsawmi thn pupu and i’m presently learning the language. lol. ka kipak lua or bla bla bla March 27 at 10:04pm · Like. Thiangz Roux ‎@pupu! Bt bt bt, land cum second in most advance country~ENGLAND, NETHERLAND, POLAND, ICELAND, GREENLAND, NEW ZEALAND, SWITZERLAND, SWAZILAND, SCOTLAND, IRELAND, NAGALAND, AND SO ON… Pupu Zou ‎@ Sawmi, kakipak lua is fine……….. kon ngai lua means love you so much…. its better nah! Pupu Zou Thats the difference between English and Zokam………. Zokam and Englsih is ulta malta Rose Malsawmi lolzz. ka kipak lua is thank you so much, kon ngai lua is ka ngai lutuk nge or i love you so much, na hoih zel maw tulai meang are you fine these dayd. am i right pupu March 27 at 10:13pm · Like. Onkholen Haokip Dear fren, whether u agree it or not….it’s a fact dat among the so called Chìn-Kuki-Mizo-Zomi, Chin is d oldest N next come Kuki, Mizo N Zomi. For instance wat were we (all d non-Naga tribe of Manipur) know as during 1970s or 1980s. It’s not too old to be forgotten right? March 27 at 10:14pm · Like · 3 people. Thiangz Roux ‎2 me, the word ZO is oldest and its even mentioned in chinese history as one chinese barbaric tribe? LamchaChongloi I think there is somethig relativity/linkage betveen Isrealites and Eimis, just go through the Old Testament, Exodus. Moses led them(Isrealites) from the clutch of SLAVERY/Death from Egypt and give them the 10 Commanment of the Almighty YAVVEH/God but, 95% of them go for IDOLs for their gods and goddess. Like that, the EIMIs chooses Mizo, Kuki,Zomi etc. etc….. and onething, ZO/JOU can never be forest. Forest is GAMMANG/ RAMHMANG. Ofcourse ZO/JOU is indeed forest if that forest is covering ranges of Hillsthat also only to a particular region on this GLOBE, the region that the BRITISH named it as “THE HILLS INDEPENDENT COUNTRY” situated in the Northeastern part of India,touching Bangladesh, and Burma. Pupu Zou ‎Lamcha Chongloi, this is what i always dont believe that we have a linkage with the israelites. If we do have, how can we be so far away from them? The middle east countries, the indian continent! March 27 at 10:25pm · Like. Rose Malsawmi i dont believe in the linkage of isrelites and us Melody Zou Pupu then if zomi is mizo then wat abt us…where are we?i used to think tat under zomi comes da tribes zou,paite,mizo,gangte,vaiphei etc n under kuki comes da tribe thadou n under naga comes thangkhul,kabui,anal etc…..m confused Pupu Zou Melody, do not be confused. You are who you are. No nomenclature is strong enough to bind us together. Therefore, you will be who you are. Thiangz Roux Some mizo tribes have a folk song and epic, myth related with israelite song whix iz written as guidance by cloud at day and fire at night…then their ancestors name as MANMASI~MANASEH, OFFERING OF ANIMALS? Michael Mate! We r all having this discussions as a result of falling out in 1956,on the tribe issue,,then there was only chin n kuki,,(chin for ppl in burma,n kuki for india)..N the Thadous took kuki as their birthright,,n tht pushed all the non-thadou(including even some thadou-speaking tribes) tribes away,,n u cn just imagine the ramifications of a 55 yr hurt/pain/disaapointment ,,if only had KUKI been accepted then(n not thadou forcefully made so),, I wonder if u guys knew this or not,,but even the hihgest ever ranked eimi civil servant Pu Jielsiem had to take his ST certificate under “thadou” Onkholen Haokip Dear Pupu, in thadou ‘Jou/Zo’ is a part of forest. As far as our linkages wit Isreal is concern, neither do i believe. I think the nomenclature ‘EIMI’ is d best N most acceptable to be under one umbrella. Pupu Zou Thiangz Roux, they were decipheirng about the moment of Mosi and Joshua seen in the Bible only, that was composed after converting in to Christianity. We do have lots of such songs. March 27 at 10:38pm · Like. Pupu Zou Onkholen Haokip , until and unless we lay down our arms, EIMI would also be useless. The best option will be a JOIN PLATFORM not nomenclature. Something like ZEPADA or COPTAM or ATSUM or anything that is a platform. Lamcha Chongloi ‎@Pu pupu, i believe that u r/ v r mature enough to say that i m a true Christian. Then, it is simple that Eimis may be one of the lost tribe, and i dont mean tobecome JUDISM.i also strongly oppose this relativatization( thucheng thah kasem thu). Melody Zou Oh god pupu,i really don understand,k agree tat we r one but when it comes to da classification then i used to claim n tel others tat i comes under da zomi now if da mizo claims like tat then my question do i still say under da zomi or i tel i don ve roots…or are e da zou still under zomi? Michael Mate!! And the worst part is that the unofficial big brother”thadous” of us Eimi(or who were formerly Kuki) realised their folly too late,,say in this decade or just the past ( 2000 onwards) alone..n by this time,,the differences have grown to such magnitudes that reconciliation s too tuff a task,,n this sud b recognised by thadous themselves first n foremost,,in 50 yrs we cn see how much anti or not being kuki propagandas hv done to drive such deep wedges amongst us brothers’ Pupu Zou Melody Zou, just say ZOU, thats morethan enough. Rose Malsawmi he group hi nuam tawh e kan discussion a puitling sia . Onkholen Haokip Pupu, we r a nation. Ipi kahim ti discuss hilouvin ipi a idinkhm thei diu ham ti thu a kìhoulim ihilou uham na? So i don’t think platform like ATSUM, COPTAM etc is d solution. U know wat we all are a trouble tribe. As far as laying down of arms is concern- it sud be d first step for our unification. And if we discard Kuki now N accept Zomi do we stand a chance to unify all the tribes of Manipur excepting Naga. Nadav Manlun i’m proud to be zo n ma great 2 grand fathers were came fr zogam too…n i’ll stand for dis….i don’t like dat british names us ..wat they like or thought i’ll go for ma languages.. Lunkhel Chal Zomi will never ever be the solution, whatever wherever whenever. Lamcha Chongloi ‎@kim, do not click your back button after post or comment bcoz it gives results to double post/comment. Pupu Zou Zomi Kuki is a troublesome nomenclature…….. as it could not pull us under one administrative umbrella. Nadav Manlun if we stand in zomi or kuki wat common languages r we gonna use??? Lal Simte Pupu, both Mizo and Zomi are the same, and its not worth argumenting. Lal Simte When we/one said Mizo he/she means the prople of Zo, and when we think of Zomi, we are thinking the people of Zo. But to my view giving the name Zomi is correct, coz Zomi means Zo people(directly), but Mizo need to be state as People of Zo(s)(indirect). Onkholen Haokip Nadav manlun@ don’t worry about the language. All Indian dont speak d same languages N neither do our brethren Naga. Lal Simte!! I speak Manipuri, Hindi, Thai, English; but none of it untill I spent time learning them or mingle alot with people speaking these languages. But I never think of learning one nor spent even a single minute trying to familarize certain word…See More Lal Simte I CALLED ALL OF THIS ONE AND THE SAME LANGUAGE. WHAT WE READ AS DIFFERENT ARE SIMPLY LIKE WHAT WE SEE AS SYNONYMS IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE. Sonmuan Tunglut dear friends, pls dont get too excited about this Zomi/mizo/kuki thing. it gives u pain in the heart. and if u feel that u have won some game or challenge by debate in this topic, the I really regret to tell u this that U just an oridinary Kuki that the arunachali knows as they considered the Kuki as war/trouble lovers. be the New Kuki~ Be Zomi. hehe Lalchhuansanga Pachuau There is some mainstream nomenclature… Mizo, Mingo, Midum, etc. And, when we say tiger, it’s Sakei not Keisa…. like-wise Mizo is the right word and Zomi does not have any definite meaning. Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Lalchhuansanga Pachuau: Even in thadou language, Mizo is the right word . Letngam Touthang ‎…unscientific nomenclatre ti mai d hitah ta…lol.. Lalchhuansanga Pachuau ‎Lunkhel Chal that’s why I said… mainstream… Onkholen Haokip Dear zamlunmang, ganhing ju le va, Pathen thilsem adang jousen bon hina (identity) aneicheh ule ibola identity/nomenclature apoimo pen hìlou ham na? How will d world know N called us without name? Samuel Zomi We are differentiated just by the prefix and the suffix, so just omit/cut the word ‘MI’,from the word Zomi znd Mizo,the remaining word is ‘ZO’. THIS IS THE RIGHT WORD Pupu. THEN, Mizo + Zomi=ZO,..HENCE PROOF. Honda Sitlhou In thadou, no offence pals, v calld d mizo s lusei, d nagas s milong. But neva came across zomi…….. May b it birth recently or ws i ignorant bout d issue v r talking bout means zomi,mizo. Wateva it may b,v got similarities n dat is v r fanatic wit d banner dats v raise to recognise our ethinic group. N dat shows v r none other, but ppl seeking 2 b unparallel wit its own blood line. Thangkhopu Haokip ‎@honda: i subscribe to ur view..putting aside the minute differences we had (ulnlike the nagas united solely by the “name”), we had an almost the same identity..what we need, i think, is a retrospection on what went wrong along the way..and of course the will to..bla3 Letngam Touthang ‎@rose: dats gud..else wat wl discuss ha ha ha…hymmm…its bcomin mre n mre interstn…n nw al seems a gr8 philosopher+ politician+ social reformer as wel as destructor…ha ha ha… March 29 at 1:56pm · Like · 1 person. Sonmuan Tunglut its “the never ending story….” so here’s to all the characters in the play~ Bravo. hehe Rose Malsawmi maybe or so, everytwhere if there’s a subj relating to this post it always rock.lol Honda Sitlhou U knw, v usually, jokes a person hu pretend slep is hard 2 wake up. U knw v r all lyk dat but v dnt xcept dat v r awake…… He3 Sonmuan Tunglut mizo and Zomi don’t mind uniting what about our brother KUKI. DO they still insist that if we unite, the name Kuki should be used or anymore ideas?? even if its not that bright. hehe Rose Malsawmi i thought kuki is another tribe like whom we call manipuri are kuki. buut seems like i’m wrong Sonmuan Tunglut ‎@malsawm~ the thing is that, they want to be seperate but we, the others like them so much that they are compelled to stay with us. the day we declare them different is what they are waiting for. but we as a family will never let them go. so sad for them. Rose Malsawmi awkhay, but is there any reason why we should keep them with us Hautinlal Suantak As strongly n rightly argued by Pu Vumson Suantak, the author of Zo History, it should be Zo..n by the way, Zo is the oldest name n can be traced to our past history in China by the name Zhou, Yo, Cho etc.. Sonmuan Tunglut so what! the matter still remains the same. indignant people. Onkholen Haokip Chemtat pa thusim kiseichu ahikit tai….. A broad minded N public discussion is needed. Let’s start fm d genesis again….. Timothy Chongthu Truly said by the founder..but no 1 can cum 2 d conclusion.. Lalchhuansanga Pachuau if there’s a war between those who prefer Mizo or Zomi and if the winner beat the loser mercilessly untill they accept their ideology, then only we will come to the conclusion… we will never concluded this issue on a table with pen or computer. So, let’s stop here and be what you are! Whatever you call yourselves, i will always love you, as you are the precious blood of my Mizo tribe!!! March 30 at 11:29pm · Unlike · 3 people. Pupu Zou PACHUAU: Thats very logical and prectical idea. M Limkhongam Zou MIZO or ZOMI it is not that easy as what it is. MIZO is MIZO and ZOMI is ZOMI ! No issue. Jon Lupheng Hangmi!! If v say n accept mizo s d sam s zomi n vice versa,shal v accept tat there is no mor political isues concrng the nomenclature zomi with ny establishd Govt ?the reason being,thanx 2 d political settlement of d mizos wit d signing of mizo accord..so iz ma personal perception tat the nomenclatre Zomi sud cum only v wen cn establisd a state in d name f kukiland fm d presnt manipur n chin state in burma..then,the pple of these areas n tat f mizoram sud constitute zomis n the states s zomi states bcs v al frm “zou”..if nt den,the relevanc of zomi in terms f politics wil eva reman questionable Michael Mate cant we just all accept the term chin-kuki-mizo or if u wish chin-kuki-mizo-zomi aka chikimz n end it at that,,all the so called mizo-kuki r considered tribes by the giovt neway (zomi nt even considered),,so if u wnt a nation how abt just “chikim” Lalte Langel If u dont want 2 be MIZO then be wht ever u 1…. Prof Siamkima khawlhring said that the term Kuki come from Bengoli word and it is not BC years old Dear Pupu I think that there is a lil bit mis understanding about how old KUKI is. In Bengoli Kuki means Head Hunter. But MIZO or ZOMI meanz the ZO Peaple. Nadav Manlun someone say kuki mean fox chaser.others say highlander,n other say its a word fr tripura..n others say its fr arunachal languages……n now in bengali words its head hunter… ..who gonna trust all dis matter but we have to know that we peoples live in hills areas n dat mean we can say we r zo…peoples. Lalchhuansanga Pachuau This ‘ZO’ in Mizo or Zomi does not mean ‘HILL’… as I understand… Lalte Langel In Lushai, Hmar, Ralte, Gangte etc zo people means MIZO in Paite, Vaiphei, Zou, Simte, Pawih, Marra or Lakher etc Zo People means Zomi… What is the meaning of Zo People in Thadou can anybody tell us? Rose Malsawmi the ZO unite us. what else can we say Lalte Langel malsawm rawn active teh in be leh ang tuman min chhang ngam toh lo a nih hi,.. Bangchik ni chiang hiam in chu Lamka (not churachandpur) chu Mizoram hi sak ni uh ooooooo Rose Malsawmi hahha.. nia. nang zawng an ngam lo che nih hi, post danga kawmen chu kan close.lol. heath hian kan la close lo a, hahha Lunkhel Chal In thadou, zomi means ‘a giant figured ghost’..haha Rose Malsawmi chal. hahah you did it.lol. Lalchhuansanga Pachuau Langel… Lamka-ah khan Ruathlui Langel i hria em? Lalte Langel hahahhaha very funny indeed it is a giant…Rose Malsawmi i’ll be back after a short time c’mn keep talking and i’ll join you all later. Pupu Zou zomi, a giant ~ misaang…. there is a tale…. but that is another tale….. not the Zomi of this nomenclature… Lalte Langel ‎@Pachuau ai hre lo hlauh mai chu ti ang an lo om ni mo a hmeltra em? hehehe Pu Suakhnuana(L) Petrol Pump neitupa Mizoram khawchhuak ngei kha chu ka hre chiang khawp mai…. Pupu Zou READ THIS ARTICLE, VERY INTERESTING:http://www.vanglaini.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=8491%3Amizo-hnam-inpumkhatna-lusei-leh-mizo&catid=105%3Aarticles&Itemid=466 Lalbawi Khuptong ‎@pachuau…duhlian tawng hmang thiam lo hi Mizo ah in ngai duh bok c lova.Tu in nge mizo k ni inti duh ang. Lalte Langel ‎@Khuptong na zuau ei ve Mizogam ah na om kha ta hia? Lai ten Duhlian pau a siam kei uh hi le le Mizo hi tho uh, a chang chuan in hriat thiamloh na te poh a om ve tryn ang chu. Lusei pau a siam loh ziak a Mizo hih loh nang bang mah om lo. Mi hai te vai mai2 hi huai ch Lalbawi Khuptong ‎@langel zuau gen zo hilo keive.kei mah2 inle hiai kampau honzat khum uh eive.Nang chu i tawng a pai em mai Mizo ini lo hon chi uh zaw na lo sam ei ngal. Lalte Langel Huai te a hai man uh ei voi a ha2 lehkha le a siam lo lo hi zo mah lai uh… Misual.com a nia sim zel in o. Hmar pan le na tuak khak bang a na tuak kha ta huai phet lo Lai(Pawih) pan leng a na tuak kha ta hi le le a mau in leng a hai man uh a hi chih thei ua, hi kei leh Lusei chauh Mizo a hih un Mizo a tom lo tel kei di uh mo.. Lusei Lehkha siam chiang in chu hon ci lo di uh a hi. Loicy Infimate hmmm…..vry complicated, bt evryone has der own views n opinions so its a wise thing 2 respct odrs views n opinions bt dat ds’nt mean dat we shud supress our’s 4 d sake of oders as we all hav an equal liberty 2 make a choice!!!! Sangthang Singsit @lalte, duhlian tawng hmang lo chu mizo an nilo tih hi i pawm duh lo anih chuan, zo hnahthlak ram tin i fan tlem lu deuh ani lo maw… Tu nge ka nih tih an hriat hma a ka chipui kuki/thadou rel vak tu hi, mizoramah an tam asin. Thadou ka nih avang in, H&T Technical entrance pwh form submit an remti lo hi lo hre teh a. By grace of God, i stil caryon my career. But, my motherland wil apologize to me oneday… Ka t mah2 anih chuan min ngaidam hram dawn nia.. Lalte Langel ‎@Sangthang chu ti ang a nih chuan MZP ah kal ta che. Khawngaih in lo pom duh lo tu hming min hrilh thei m? Chief Ministar poh ni mah se a lo pomlo ringot thei lo a sin. Higher and Technical a lo pom duh lo tu che hming ka va han hre chak ve ooooooooo Honda Sitlhou No mother tongue k. English,so dats evry1 knws wats in our mind n view. Y do v need to remind again ha. Sangthang Singsit@lalte, ye ur right…. I dont need to go. God knw what right. All the 6 staff had been suspend last year with their wrong deeds taken up with those of my friend. And 20 of my clsmate got mbbs with the recheking answere sheet…. I wont take what i can got from my motherland whicg i didnot achieve… Bro, i didnt mind that thing, coz, i understand what people think of us.. Thu sawi sual ka nei anih chuan, i beg excuse for it. Lalbawi Khuptong ‎@lalte,ahihleh mizo ten zomi te le mizo ahi uh achi ua.bangziak a mizo te zomi k hi ki chi ut lo uh a. Lalbawi Khuptong mizo nahi hon chi ua,bngziak a saptuam ebc,ici,efci,kbc chih te khongah duhlian pau zangte hong tel lo ahi d uh?.mizo iki chih utle le yma,mzp,mzrm synod,upc leh adng2 duhlian pau zang pawlpi te khong ah i tel/khop lo aleh amau mizo dan a hong ngai lo ei ve ua.duhlian pau lo le zo suan dangte pau le hong siam tum tei sam leh uh zo hoih lo tel d hia….. Lalbawi Khuptong ‎@amos chu tak chu alom,mizo kan ni min tih fo chuan khang post ho kha min it tur ani lo. Nkc Thang Valte MIZO=ZOMI cannot be termed as both side of the coin as they are the same side of the coin. LOL. Mângkângzo Tungdim we must go on discussing to find amicable solution one day Thiangz Roux MIZO~ZOMI~KUKI~CHIN DILEMMA AGAIN! I BELONG TO NON OF THIS, I’M FREE AS THE FLYING BIRD? Samuel Zomi ‎@roux,i do hope that your freedom is just like ”Freedom under control,no one can escape in reality,if so also you will be caught.@to all..pliz refer to my comments above while commenting on this burning topic.. THE SECOND PART | NOMENCLATURE PLEBICITE Suppose, If a plebiscite is to be conducted for our nomenclature, which amongst the following (Kuki, Chin, Mizo or Zomi) will you opted for and why? Please a good answers. We are planing to published the article on our newspapers back home. Romeo Suantak Son, Daniel Touthang, Joseph Tou Thang and 5 others like this.. Paul Samte Of course Zomi, because I’m Zou. Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Pupu Zou: If we are to speak in Manipur context, the term Mizo and Chin must be completely discarded because neither of the two; for instance Mizo from Mizoram nor Chin from Burma will never ever accept the term Zomi nor Kuki. Instead, your present question should be..which nomenclature to choose between Zomi and Kuki? Letngam Touthang ‎… 2 opt nly 1..i opt.. kuki..coz centuries bk both national n internationl..v wer knwn as kuki ..if v r 2 change..den v nid 2 change d history n every single recrd includn d Britsh recrd..d Britsh simply dosnt recg us as kuki..bt wit many unique identitis f our forefathrs..if our history was nt yetrdy..so v r officlly knwn as kuki..dats my opinion..sory if it hurts som1 sentimnt..lol… Thiangz Roux I opt for MIZO? Thiangz Roux For one own betterment, good suggestion is always welcome? Golian Phaltual ‎@Lunkhel Chal- I honestly agree wit U…so choosing between the 2, i’ll obviously opt for Zomi ! Lamcha Chongloi ‎@golian, r u sure? that’ll b another blunder mistake committed after Pu Laldenga,afterall all EIMIs are ZOMI Thangboi Tungnung i will follow what my forfather advice and shown me.. Onkholen Haokip My idea is-Chin- we are not a Chin.Mizo- in d first place we were never a Mizo.Zomi- just because we hav become learned N r educated we cannot create history N convince d people that it’s our history. We all know what Zo/Jou means.Our history lays with Kukis. Agree it or not, it’s what we are, hav been N will be. Just because of some few fanatic orthodoxy people we cannot left Kuki….. Can we? Samuel Zomi No chin-zomi-mizo-kuki,but ZO,we all are the Zo suans/people. Under the umbrella of Zo, there can be integrety,otherwise no. The above are languge based or tribe based nomenclatures. So the only way for unification will be the time when we can say, we are the ‘ZO’. Thangkhopu Haokip anyone out there with an unbiased argument, based solely on facts..?? personal opinions on delicate issues such as this is/can be poisonous..!! but this is my argument too..so if it is in contrast to urs, pliz ignore it. Caroline Touthang Dalvi As for me, the sooner everyone stop this madness, the better! What had we gained in d last century by breaking our breaking ourselves down down down Caroline Touthang Dalvi into smaller groups instead of working on building our nation into a bigger, stronger, unified one nation. I am sure Caroline Touthang Dalvi deep within our hearts we know We are One but the pull/push to separate is just 4 some few people’s gain is stopping us from actually realising that we are One Nation!& March 29 at 2:10pm · Unlike · 1 person. Caroline Touthang Dalvi IN FACT, IT IS THE FAULT OF OUR PREVIOUS GENERATIONS OF THE SO CALLED LEARED & EDUCATED FEW THAT WE ARE IN THIS PITIBALE STSTE TODAY March 29 at 2:13pm · Unlike · 1 person. Caroline Touthang Dalvi when will we wake up ‘O my nation’?! It is very shameful to let others know of our propensity to divide this further and further! Munglee Paite If your name is THANGPU and sombody called you LETPU…..Will u accept it??? so, wakeup Mr & Mrs ZOMI…..Bangtan thudik ki theihmohbawl a om om lai di nahia???? Bangtan na NAMBING lungsim po lai lai tel di nahia oi??? ZO suan nahi a ZOMI nahi…. Honda SitlhouD issue in d post, i dnt thnk v need 2 coment or discuss.i thnk evry1 would b beter dan me n knw wat is wat n which is which. I dnt thnk i need to say. Cos u knw better dan me d truth. In ma view, its a vry gud political instrument 4 othr e…See More Bosco Singson till recently no one recognised as zo or zou,,,,, but kuki only the word kuki is recognized by the britis or the govt. o india, for instance the kukis is assam, nalagand or wer ever, if u go to assam and tell thos eimis that they are zo… i dnt think any one will acep. lets acep the fact that we wer called kuki and still we are… like the nagas they hav differnt tribes but all are united in the word NAGA… never the less they are not naga and naga is given by some other people still then they maitain that and thay hav attend such glory, so its no issue in changing the history to get mother land… lets acep how the people acep us and just figt or it i m sure we too can achieve our goals thru it…. thats my opinion any wrong coment i m sorry Sangthang Singsit as for me which my brother bosco have said….. The nagas they unite as one.. Though they speak different language. It’s what the british give the name to them. As for us we all are recognised as kuki. It’s a person who divide and rule upon us in order to complicate our unity a more than a 10 decades of years ago. But, let’s keep on our brotherhood amongst this khul/sinlung/chhinlung people…. No matter what we are, lets keep our brotherhood. I apologize if i hurt anyones mind or ideas,… Lel Gangte Gangte Can I contribute other nomenclature like Manmasi. Lian Phiamphu ‎Lel Gangte Gangte… yes you can if you could include Palestinian also . Tklian Tonsing ”ZO” kahi kicilouteng kua ahia?Mizou in ZO hi a.Zomi in ZO hi a.Chin in ZO suan kahi ci a.Kuki lah ZO suan mah hia. Jon Lupheng Hangmi Let d Mizoram asembly 1st pasd in voice vote tat tey r zomi n let tem suport n tak initiatives for d political setlement f thier bretherns(kukis) in manipur..let d chins in burma embrace zomi s thier nation..let a political problem witin manipur b settled by forming a state in d name f kukiland..only then,the problm f zomi nomenclatur wil b solved..cos the main problem lies wit our mizo bretherns..thier act f betrayal,negligence r jus only few reasn 4 our disunity..the root caus besetn our comon nomenclatur lies wit or mizo brethern..let d sacrifice f kuki leader lk pu demkhoseh gangte fo d cause of our brethns lushais be instald in each n evy minds.. Tklian Tonsing ‎@jlh, u r right. Bro mizoram has da key role to play. They hv independent land but their bro(we) r landless. I wonder if this issue could strengthen our brotherhood relationship first n den possession of ZOGAM territory. Rose Malsawmi jon why should mizo vote that they are zomi Paul Samte So deciding to take advantages against our bro Mizo huh? Past is past, think for the future. Tklian Tonsing ‎@rose, bcoz they are “ZO” n they should vote their people i.e. ZOMI Rose Malsawmi ‎:D mizo is the right word oh c’mon submit that you’re a mizo and not zomi Lunkhel Chal@ Tklian: It would be very good, if the mizo’s vote and accept the term zomi as synonymous to mizo and even change their nomenclature mizo to zomi or if the so call zomis just identify themselves as mizo even if the mizo’s didn’t really accept them, because there will be only (Chin, Kuki, Mizo/Zomi) and not (Chin, Kuki,Mizo,Zomi) like the present..i agreed that we all are one but with three different ethnic identities viz; (Chin, Kuki, Mizo). So, if the zomis kept on insisting that they were not Kukis knowingly, than they must join either of the other two. Mizo or Chin. But even that seems to be a far cry again because, neither the mizos of mizoram nor the chins of burma will never accept some small sections of the Kukis living in Manipur and other north-eastern states of India as Mizo or Chin..;-( Jon Lupheng Hangmi 4get bout past..Mizo,being a big bro besid politicaly,economicaly wel setled,dey must walk n extra mile n tak d lead role for our unification..n since v say zomi is nt a single entity,bt comprisng f various blood related groups n mizo s i said hs biger responsiblty 4 d abov stated reasons must tk d lead by voting in favor f Zomi n 4 d unstle politcl problm f the groups so called zou-orign kuki bretherns,takng d leaf ot f d nagaland suport 4 d so cald political nagas bt historical old kukis(yor brethens)..n also 4 our chin n kuki bretherns f burma takng d xample f tamils worldwide suportng d cause f srilankan tamils..if dey(or mizo brethns) did long bfo inspt f playn a game f betrayal,negligence n so n so,i firmly blive d present turmoil in our society wud’ve surely bin avoided..notswitanding al dese,v yor brethens in manpur,burma n evy1 r stil hopn a walk f solutn towrds dis epidemic by u(mizos)..v cn chose n dump partners/frens bt nt so in cas f blod relatd br Thiangz Roux CHIN IN BURMA, MIZO IN MIZORAM AND KUKI+ZOMI+MIZO+CHIN=CHIKIMZO IN MANIPUR. No more argument? Tklian Tonsing ‎@rose, If we can accept Feb 20 as ZOMI NAMNI, why not ZOMI. Coz we didnt say MIZO NAMNI.@thang, this would just meant that we can’t stand as one. Tklian Tonsing ‎@lunkhel, that is hypothetical. But Lets hope for good things to come coz we too hv geneous leaders. Lunkhel Chal I guess the founder’s of Zomi would have realised his mistakes and folly by now..it would have beeen much better, if he had utilised his knowlegde and skills in uniting the Kukis, instead of disintegrating them. If the so call Zomis could landed this present stage with just made up history or without any firm historical proof than it could be foretell and is inevitable for us to reach the peak of development if we worked together under the name Kuki, where ample of historical facts and datas abound us in many of the prominent libraries of the world..(no offence) Letngam Touthang ‎..if d water in ocean b an ink n d sky b a paper 2..if v r 2 rit d conclusion of diz argumnt..stil it won b enough 2 com in 2 conclusion….fed up…l!!!!!!! Rose Malsawmi me too . lets all shut up and just be who we are now Thiangz Roux CONCLUDED…! Tklian Tonsing ‎@LT, LOVE, FORGIVE n MUTUAL UNDERSTANDING, r the only source for this conclusion Lunkhel Chal ‎@Mangkangzo: if we happened to be zomi from the very beginning than why did your grant father join the British Army as Kuki? And again, if your grant father identify himself as Kuki than why the need to change your identity to Zomi now? If we kept on changing our names like we presently do, i doubt that even the angels maintaining the holy book in heaven will strike off our names coz a true born again christian will never ever change his name’s/identity like a lizard often. Sangthang Singsit first… I beg sory if i made a mistake…or hurt anyone.My dads kuki from manipur, i live in mizoram. U knw what, everyone call me as manipur boy… And i have a fren from paite comunity.,. What people adres is that “they are manipuri” in a school, colege etc. So, what if my brothers and sisters from bigger comunity call me/us. What would you feel. I’ve been the victim of comunal like which in the zoram. @rose, as long as what everyone adres me, i’m hasitate to be call mizo where on my lovely home mizoram or other. But, i appreciate ZORO and MZP for their works amongst the khulmi/sinlung/chhinlung tribe.., Mângkângzo Tungdim DAMAN & DIU UNION TERRITORY MODEL deihuoi ka sa, tamnah etthei ahi: http://mangkangzo.blogspot.com/2008/11/union-territoryindia-kumpi-uh-gam-daman.html March 31 at 2:39pm · Jon Lupheng Hangmi Iz also surprising tat wen d banner of zoumi ws 1st preachd ,a particular tribe wic nw tk up d leadng rol hd strongly oposd d idea..bt ma qs is y did thngs hs turn d othr way round,only aftr d mid ninetis??.. However,d best solution 2 dis petty politics(concrng t state manipur) is 2 honour d blesn f the Almighty God tat v wr made 2 b born in d presnt identity of our ancestors..if God plan wer f dif..v wudve bin bornd in sum othr comunities lk tamil,asamese, etc etc..so best is 2 acknowld n b thankfl to the blesn f d almighty God 4our ancestors’ identity i.e kuki..lez qs ourselve hw cn v mak d blesn f almighty God a cöntrovery wn v proudly cal ourselvs s bliver. Hegin Chongloi the prblem wit us is we got too much ego, pride in these names; our so-called leaders also has the same personality conflict….. Ths issue can only b solved on the day of ‘The Second Coming of Christ’. Munglee Paite ZOMI in kapiang a, ZOMI in kakhang khia, ZOMI in ka nungta a, ZOMI in kasi ding. Rose Malsawmi ALL OF YOU PLEASE SHUT UP ABOUT THIS ISSUE NOW, THERE ARE STILL MANY BUSINESS AND ISSUE IN WHICH ALL OF US HAVE TO TAKE AN IMPORTANT PART, THE MIZO OR THE ZOMI BLLA BLA BLA , THIS WILL BE A NEVER ENDI NG ISSUE, LETS JUST BE WHO WE ARE NOW, AND DO EVERYTHING TO UTMOST FOR THE HIGHEST Joseph Munluo Well Said Rose… There are Far More important issues than this. Rose Malsawmi ‎:D let our light shine on whereever we are whoever or whatever we are. Rose Malsawmi ‎:D no this in the end Lalchhuansanga Pachuau What we need first is not a name, but to love our fellow tribesman… Mang Guite Let us look to the horizon, not our present but our future, United we stand let us all be tribals no kuki, zomi, mizo just tribals, what is ur say on this , dear editor. Thiangz Roux I opt for MONGOLOID Lal Simte Zomi should be the correct name but if Mizo speaking Zomis are unconvinced, Mizo can also be a healthy option.we need land to keep name, all name with out land will die away one day… so there is no good or correct name with out a land in …See More Lal Simte I will give my conclusion after few other comments… Nadav Manlun let say like dis who want to be mizo stand in mizo,who want to be kuki stand in kuki n,who want to be chin den stand in chin n who want to be zomi stand in zomi…dat will solve the problem…sorry if i hurt someones. Hegin Chongloi its gud dat we’re having a debate bout our nomenclature. This shws our unity. Long live the people of chin-kuki-mizo-zomi. Lenn Chongloi Nothing less than 99.8% of our people will agree to the fact that we are “ONE”; only when we try to agree on issues we have disagreed such names/nomenclature, then we try our best to find our differences! Even if we do agree on one name, if we do not hv a shared vision, it would not amount to much. for the time being redirecting our focus on areas of concern where we can work together as u-naos could bring us closer and in the long run create platform for an agreeable name. Sonmuan Tunglut would it help if I post???? I dont think so. so, let the public leaders vesting upon their own personal interest decide the future of the tribals. Tklian Tonsing ZOMI meaning “ZO” People is derive from the generic name “ZO”, the progenitor of the ZOMI. We (Chin+Kuki+Lushai) r one n the same storck n same race.(Lt. Col. John Shakespear n H.N. Tuck) Rev. Sukte T. Hau Go also claims that ZOMI is the correct original historical name of ours(Chin+Kuki+Lushai). We r inherited from China. But due to settlement in different regions such as Burma, Bangladesh n India neighbouring people called us as Chin, Kuki n Lushai respectively. Still then we are one n only ZOMI. Onkholen Haokip M not as religious. But looking at our past N presents, i think we are slowly fulfilling God’s prophecy of end time predictions shown in the Bible-the SECOND COMING. Let’s stop blaming our past leaders. Atleast they were better than us, they fought together N help each other. It’s very hard to wake up a half sleep person. We hav become too clever, which makes things even harder for our unity. Paul Samte People without their own land is like a blowing wind, so the truth is we are not more than Manipuri. Pupu Zou Seminar on composite history of Kukis begins IMPHAL, Apr 1: a two day seminar on the topic ‘Haipou Jadonang, Rani Gaidelieu and Kuki rebellion in the composite history of Manipur’ organised by National Research Centre, Manipur commenced from today at Manipur Dramatic Union Hall, Yaiskul Police Lane. Speaking as resource person in the morning session held with Prof Ksh Bimola Devi as the moderator, Dr Dhanabir Laishram said even though every ethnic group settled in Manipur have their own history and traditions, historians/writers of each community tend to include their own opinion for the sake of publicity thereby creating confusion and unnecessary tension. Rather than create division it would be for the betterment of all the communities and strengthen the age-old bond amongst various ethnic groups in case stress of the writers in on composite compilation of Manipur’s common history. Speaking on the topic ‘The historical bond of hill-valley in Manipur: A proposition of composite history’, he expressed that it would be a profound error to allow geographical dimensions or statistics of population or complexities of religion, caste and language to belittle the significance of what is called the integrated Manipur of the past. Pointing out that Manipur had been for centuries the home of several ethnic groups, he referred to folklores and tales of legends to substantiate that highlanders and valley people originated from a common ancestor. The session was followed by Usham Dhanan- joy singh’s presentation on ‘The role of Naga and Kuki elites in the formation of first responsible Government of Manipur’, and Prof N Joykumar of MU on ‘Kuki rebellion and role of Chingakham Sanajaoba’. Lalte Langel ‎@Pupu Dr Dhanabir Laishram is totally wrong coz the Mizo-Chin-Zomi-Kuki never have a seperate history, they live side by side, they have a common folk tales, according to them we have a different history and tradition hahaha its totally divide and rule. coz our tommorow leader will be the one reading this. I hope u know that a few word is more powerful then a gun. Tklian Tonsing ‎@LL, u r right, all these stuff r just an illusion. We should always remember that Mizo-Chin-Zomi-Kuki are ONE and the SAME. We hv common Origin. I guess this is the right opportunity to stand together as one again. Samuel Lalrozâma Hmar This is a never ending DISCOURSE. Personally I accept the term ZOMI but why we all must be called MIZO is because there is a land called MIZORAM and a people recognized as a nation called MIZO, if we can accept this term then we all have a home (emotionally) and there will surely be a morale boost for everyone. I believe this is the first step in reuniting. Jon Lupheng Hangmi Dear samuel,let me know r u fully aware of d recent development concerning the sinlung dev.council?r u saf in our land(as acc 2 u is mizoram)?? Rose Malsawmi wait jon manipur is not our land. see to it that the zomi have a land called mizoram. they are also called mizo , the thing is just a geographical barrier and this will never break. Samuel Lalrozâma Hmar Dear Jon Lupheng Hangmi , What do you mean by feeling safe?? Please dont go out of the context. We have a land (if we can accept it) and a tribe name in it (if we are willing to take it up), that is what we are saying. Well if we want we can let this argument go on forever, I’m just sharing my views, no quarrels, just a suggestion. If we are going to your context, I don’t really feel safe and comfortable being an Indian, where we tribals are neglected; but it is our land and being called an “Indian” is what unites us (at least). Tklian Tonsing ‎@rose, I do agree wid u but what about our history. Zomi exist before Mizo. As far as my knowledge is concern ZOMI is the right term. Our bro n sis in abroad, they also called themselves as ZOMI. Do u think it would be possible to change our history in just a few span of time. Rose Malsawmi history repeats itself because nobody pays attention to it the first time think about it Tklian Tonsing Stil den history remain as history, what u say so. Tklian Tonsing Stil den history remain as history, what do u say so… Lunkhel Chal Never heard any mentioned of the name mizo nor zomi in manipur history before. Only Kuki, Naga and Meiteis lived here from past immemorial. We the so call ‘Chin-Kuki-Mizo-Zomi’ are all Kuki here in Manipur. Rose Malsawmi ahahaii..manipur is a land of meitei and kuki if i’;m right. but mizo due to their shift in land have come across manipur and some stayed there so.. m outta words now Tklian Tonsing ‎@LC, know that we do not belong to Manipuri. Lunkhel ChalO Ibobi, CM of manipur made a very false declaration about Ccpur census boldly and with full of confidence in him to back his statement just a few months back by declaring “a large influx of immigrant from the neighbouring Burma settled here in ccpur dist of manipur illegally” because, he (the CM of Manipur) clearly knew the fact that; the so call zomis who were never ever known before in manipur history came up in Ccpur dist. say ( a few decades ago) by dis-owning their identity Kuki..;-( Lal Simte As long as we reasons just for a name we will land no where. Manmohan have not became Indian PM because his name’s Manmohan.He became coz his status and personalities all deserves him.We already got a status and recognition as MIZO & with MIZORAM. So instead of reasoning for a hollow names why can’t we just accept THE already well equipt MIZO? Later on once we are strong and united enought, we can give ourselves any name(s)- ehtum, bethu, what ever, but still scolars of the world will still trace and write our history as- This people who now called themself BETHU were originally called ZOMIs. who were in due course scattered in different regions/areas and’re known by diff. names viz. KUKI, MIZO, CHIN, etc. However, to the wonders of the world, to unite and bring them selves back under one name/umbrella, and for maximum political as well as economic gains, they called themselves MIZO in the early 2000s, after the well recognized and advanced MIZORAM. DON’T U THINK SO?… Tklian Tonsing ‎@lal, I can accept any name dats doesnt matter bt c dat we r united n own autonomous state. Tklian Tonsing ‎@LC, yeah in a game no body should feel hurt coz der is always ups-n-downss. Its just a matter for better understanding n friendship. Rose Malsawmi hahha..lunkel i feel assured as long as the neighbors make noise.lol Loicy Infimatey nt we put our heads 2gedr 2 brng out a new name 4 our nomenculture, ofcors if we r givn d librty 2 make a choice, d reslt wil nt b dat swit s expctd…..its an univrsal truth dat we wud go 4 wat we r….no ofence, a mizo wud say mizo, kuki wud say kuki, chin-chin vis a vis…..who wud b so dummy nt 2 opt 4 d schdl tribe he/she blongs to. I blong 2 a mizo clan so ofcorz my priority wud b mizo coz m nt fool engh 2 opt 4 d odrs…..i dnt mean 2 brng out a rift btwn us, m makng d most of d right gvn 2 me “freedom of expressn”………..dip dwn in ur heart ask urslf if 1 of d above mentn nomenculture name is chosen wat wud it brng abt??? I can gurantee u dat WE’RE JUS MAKNG A HELL OF ECH OTHER’S…. Onkholen Haokip From this small group, we can easily deduce that a common consensus on the issue of nomenclature is still very far. So, lets be what we want to be N not disturb others. And also lets not change our stand very often. Let’s just hope N pray that someday something force us to wake up to join hands together. Sonmuan Tunglut blah, blah,blah. who are we trying to convince????. Sangthang Singsit ourself, myself and yourself… Is that wrng? Sonmuan Tunglut do u know while were arguing about this name and blah3. the population of meitei(Valleypeople) in CCpur/lamka(hill’s)is between 6~7K. by the next term they will have their own MLA in the hill district.let us wake up before our land is being snatched away…or enjoy the ride. or are you infavor of them????? Sonmuan Tunglut how come I cant post in this group and only comment. if that’s the case, I better leave this group. bye friends Sonmuan Tunglut ‎@tklian tonsing~ gud luck with your meitei brothers and sisters. or are u planning to have a meitei wife. Loicy Infimate calm down guys…..we r nt here 2 argue amng ourslf. Jus as no man is d same, no 2 prsn hav d sme opinion, thou its true dat we tuk our opinion 2 b d bes, its olso a wise thng 2 respct odrs opinion. Meitei or tribal we’re all the same, exactly the way meitei ds’nt troubl us setlng in n out of imphal town, y shud we bothr dem bng in hills??? Are’nt we bng selfsh tryin 2 b in both d plce wen we cnt tolerate dem 2 b wit us… Sonmuan Tunglut Oh! another fanatic of meitei’s Sangthang Singsit meitei ug’s landmine kills how many inocent people… Let’s not say about factional fight… The thing is that, ccpur is tribal occupied area, why cant it can b control, u knw, tamenglong, no other comunities live the excluding govt servant… There live only zeliangrong tribe, u wnt find any mizo, paite, thadou, mara, vaiphei(excluding govt workers).. But, in ccpur we are having lots of patience. But, it’s good, that show our christianity which we live together with different people from different comunity… I dont mean to hurt anyone… Plz excuse if i go 2 much. Loicy Infimate thnkyou……u myt kol me watevr u 1,its a plesr, bt js 1na let u knw dat evri1 is equal, exactly d way tribal hav d ryt 2 settle within valey area, meitei olso hav d ryt 2 settle in hill area……WE R D SAME N NOTHN GONA CHNGE DAT!!!!……..Sonmuan Tunglut Sonmuan Tunglut try to buy a plot of land in Imphal in a meitei populated area and experience the joy of living together.hehe Rose Malsawmi oh the come and buy land in mizoram too Sonmuan Tunglut very true guys but there is always a big BUT….I also live ans settled at Imphal since many years back now. and I dont mind at all. but one fine day when we want to claim our land. guess what?????? Loicy Infimate i m 4rm imphal, livng in a plot own by my dad…….n abt d experence it is gr8 n awesome……thnx!!! Jon Lupheng Hangmi Wake up dear bretherns our condition is pathetic..d best n initial solution 2 our problem in d context f manipur is 2 stand as the same,the one wich ws accepted by our ancestors n hs strng historical bkground i.e kuki..let us suport Kuki state demand commt undr the chairmnsip f pu chawngthalian hmar wit pu saunchinpau s gen.secy..only den the isue f zomi is lkly 2 bcum relevance..no isue wit mizo n chin in manp context..the best thng our mizo bretherns is 2 suport d dmand for our land fm d manipur state if they are a sensible n reliable bretherns..no offence pls! Sonmuan Tunglut by the way, do you know about the incident when eimi veng was proposed to be inaugurated near Gamesvillage hills or the the incident of Ramgailong near Shija hospital???? thanks for the comment anyway. Sonmuan Tunglut ‎@loicy~ thanks for sharing your experience which u faces many years back. Im sorry if i hurt your sentiments but I talking about present day scenario Sangthang Singsit s tunglut, here in mizoram, we welcome everyone, but our welcome does not always bear good fruit. Many meiteis ug are arrest. And many crime and ilegal activities are more, which mostly are not from mizoram, just like that, welcoming always wont bear good fruit. And more they wil b, then, khualtha emaw kan tih kha, kan thihna thlentu ani loi si. Sonmuan Tunglut if u have a copy of political map of Manipur prioir 1980 pls see the map oF CCPUR and present day map of CCPUR. Loicy Infimate ‎Pupu Zou, nothng mch…..js a lil bit of opinion clash!!!! Rose Malsawmi let me google it but there are some question that google can’t answer. let me see Pupu Zou ok, thats natural……….. keep sharing….. you are not arguing… only sharing….. M Limkhongam Zou actually Zomi is most appropriate nomenclature. Kuki is named by British, chin is so particular mizo is known for peaople living in mizoram. we can also called it chikim. or ZOUMI which means the people of zou gam which we all belong. its just my opinion not to hurt anybody Sangthang Singsit anyway i dont think for any nomenclature, it’s which we cannot decide by our own opinion, it should be done when the times says it is in neccesary, before that, we have to saveguard our smal land, that no nation or other wil scrach it… Tklian Tonsing ‎@st, I’m not going to take other community. I lyke only Zo suante. Huh!! Sangthang Singsit tk tonsing, u mean to? Tklian Tonsing ‎@st, dont u know Zo suante means? Loicy Infimate thnx 4 ur advice, n abt hurtng my sentiment der is no chance, we r nt at a fight, bt sharng an opinion 4 a betr 2moro,by d way m sori if i was agrisve, dosnt mean 2 ofence any1….Sonmuan Tunglut Jon Lupheng Hangmi Limkhongam@den du u agree dat zomi=mizo? Sangthang Singsit mr jon, a person with zomi would’nt want that, and mizo cant say that we r zomi… But, everythngs posible with GOD. Sangthang Singsit a nom dwn chu mawle. When zogam or kukiland or mizoram play final, i gues i’l watch Jon Lupheng Hangmi Ya u al are right..we hav 2 honour evy blesins f d almighty God spcly 4 our identity..kuki?y du v say v r naga /old kuki sumtms bt nt kuki n den u say v are 1.is dis nt a betrayal 2 d blesns f god.?in dis bkdrp i wud stl considr u all as ma own blood s w r blesed..dats al April 2 at 10:50pm · Like. Tklian Tonsing If everyone could have the same thought how peacefully we can settle down our sharing. Nkc Thang Valte the newest and the latest but also the oldest ZOMI is the best Onkholen Haokip The newest N the latest, Zomi, so be it huh! Nkc Thang Valte KUKI is a name given to us by the BRITISH ( are we still under them), CHIN is the name given to us by the BURMESE ( we are not to be called CHIN) , MIZO is the poetic word of our true identity i.e. ZOMI. ( one cannot use a poetic word for ones identity) so ZOMI is the true and only Nomenclature we had. Let us no longer be fools in the Political , Power hunger Leaders, Self Centred and Hypocritic Leaders, AND SO LET US UNITE UNDER THE ZOMI UMBRELLA. JAI ZOMI. M Limkhongam Zou ‎@nkc:ZOMI may be the best among the three I can understand but what is JAI Nkc Thang Valte upon reading the previous comments if we 1 2 unite then ZOMI is the only solution because the zomi population in burma is too much to be neglected ( lai, kachin, karen, matupi, kanpelet, chin,etc ) about three times of the population in India. ok . sorry if i hurt someone’s beautiful thoughts. April 5 at 12:01am · Like. Letngam Touthang ‎…bt 1 thning…whethr v lyk it or nt..d name that hv been writen on our matric certfcte is our official name..same is d case…in diz condition… Lunkhel Chal I hope and belief that our brethren zomis will keep on inventing more and more nomenclature(s) in the days to come. To speak the thruth, Zomi Namni which was never heard and known even during the early 90′s in Ccpur was wrongly publicised as it had been celebrated here for a good number of past decades, and was said to attained its golden jubilee, a few years back. Ha ha, what a lie??. Lunkhel Chal@ Nkc Thang Valte: Please know, Kachin and Karen were completely different to Chin and they have different state’s within Burma. So, you can’t just stole someones history and say its yours. I mean if you are not a fiction story writer. And…See More Jn Haokip kukis r nt like a chameleon changing their colour Lunkhel Chal@ Tg Mangno Zomi: its ok if Chin/Kuki is not at all acceptable by the so call Zomis just because either of the two names were a foreign/someone else language but please don’t write their (Chin/Kuki) history as yours again. If you insist on saying Zomi as the oldest amongst (Chin-Kuki-Mizo-Zomi) than try to stand alone with its unique history and don’t manipulate Chin/Kuki history as Zomi history. This is a great sin. Jon Lupheng Hangmi Hw cn one change his/her own parents lk a flirty hunk changing gf evytm???one wud wondr if v cudve born parentless.???d identity embracd by our own forefathers must nt be betrayed by younger gens hu try 2 manipulate evythng 4 petty politics! Lalte Langel I’ll opt 4 Mizo coz i belong to Mizo my 4 father belong to Mizo. Even in 2nd world war my father grandfather (Rokhama) went to French as a Mizo scout representing the Mizo=Zomi people. Sonmuan Tunglut the issue is getting interesting by the day with no commentor willing to opt for a common name.anyway i hope the intention of PupuZou is not to give up our history but to come about an acceptable name. we wouldnt like being called Hindu but we can accept being called Indian. so let us change our views guys. Lunkhel Chal@ Pupu Zou: one thing i am not sure till today is, (1) whether the so call Zomis wanted to be at par with the already established names of nomenclatures like; Chin, Kuki, Mizo i,e (Chin-Kuki-Mizo) = CHIKIM by joining them (Chin-Kuki-Mizo-Zomi) = CHIKIMZO or (2) All (Chin-Kuki-Mizo) = Zomi. If it is the (1) case, and if the Zomis have their own absolute proof of history, than why the need to stressed the origin of the name Chin/Kuki and kept on saying they were the names given by Burmese/Assamese/English and so these names are unfit to be accepted for our nomenclature?? Let them stand alone with their own past recorded history and show the world ‘The clean Zomi History’ where the mentioned of the name Chin/Kuki should be completely nil. The inability of this clean ‘Zomi History’ shows that they were not at all a different people eventhough they insist on disowning the names Chin/Kuki. And if (2) happens to be the case they were struggling for than, why the need to be amongst the already established nomenclatures (Chin-Kuki-Mizo) CHIKIM by joining them (Chin-Kuki-Mizo-Zomi) CHIKIMZO, instead it must be Zomi = (Chin-Kuki-Mizo). So, they failed tremendously in both counts..;-( Michael Mate Chikim wud b nice,,but if i had tio opt for one,,hwever many the probs thr r wth the name “kuki”,,it is still the most suitable Sonmuan Tunglut ‎@lunkhel~ let me make one thing very clear. it is the thadou speaking Kuki with their “Open ARMS” policy (Like you said) made the Paite speaking Kuki afraid of being a Kuki in 1997 after the mass assasination and illegal demand let to the creation of Paite Speaking Zomi. pls dont mind but this is the bitter truth. Rose Malsawmi i opt for mizo not because i want it but because i am a mizo and i’ll be wherever i go, whoever or whatever i am Michael Mate i wud put it further than that,,it all started way back in 1956,,the alienation of non thadou speaking sub-tribes tarted then,,plus the non thadou but thadou speakin groups as well Sonmuan Tunglut this was the mistake of the paite speaking Zomi’s 14yrs back. and if they did not learn from their mistake. they including me would be a fool. besides if the Thadou speaking would come under the Zomi. what will they loss. they are larger in population and so still wud be the leaders but persisting on Kuki if they want to lead a nation wud be…..(i dont know)U tell me Lunkhel Chal@ Sonmuan Tunglut: Thanks for spilling out the truth, infact thats what i really wanna say from the very begginning and i will never mind because you are not telling a lie. So, let the history of Zomi begins in 1997 as you had already said and not in 862 AD @ Tang dynasty of China (a Kingdom in the Chindwin Valley whose Princes and Chiefs were call Shou). The greatest blunder on the part of the ‘KUKI INPI Churachandpur’ was the peace accord they signed with the Zomi Council in the name of Kuki and Zomi in the presence of the then CM of Manipur. Instead, it should have been Thadou Tribe Council and Paite Tribe Council/Zomi Council/What ever names, which signed the peace accord because the two fighting groups were just two sections of the many tribes which altogether formed the Kukis. By doing so, the Kuki Inpi (The Apex body of the Kukis) knowingly/unknowingly recognised Zomi Council as a separate entity equivalent to them and so from that very moment. The so called Zomis identify themselves as a completely different group within the CHIKIM (Chin-Kuki-Mizo). So, the new CHIKIMZO (Chin-Kuki-Mizo-Zomi) pops up. And now, i would like to appeal to all my Zomi brethren that, it would be prudent to set aside internal quarrels that have crippled our community for the past few decades or so and converge on the identity Kuki for the benefit of our future. Kuki is not being proposed because it sounds like a good name, but because of its potential as leverage for actuating what is politically achievable for our people. Intellectual honesty plus wisdom, which comes with compassion, are qualities that need to be exercised against temptations of skepticism, egocentrism and meaningless guile. Sonmuan Tunglut i dont know why you are persistent about the word Kuki.personally speaking the Zomi’s will not come under the name Kuki as they have been blundered by the UG name starting with Kuki. they would prefer to come under Thadou rahter than Kuki (suppose if thadou was not a language but a name meaning tribals).the worst part of kuki politics is that the KIM does not control all the UG starting with KUKI. no legal court is there for a trial, if this is not the case. then why not who likes war instead of peace? Sonmuan Tunglut regarding the Zomi, it is not a paite institution.u can witness the different tribes who are fed~up of extortion and illegal demand seeking and obtaining refuge under the Zomi chaired by the Zomi Council. and the best part is the leaders are elected from all tribes joining the Zomi witha reservation seat for each tribe. Samuel Lalrozâma Hmar Didn’t William Shakespeare rightfully say:“What’s in a name? That which we call a rose By any other name would smell as sweet.” No matter what, i believe that we all acccept that we have a common ancestry and that we have a brotherhood that …binds us together in terms of language and culture similarities. No matter what we call ourselves, we are not going to change. I am of the Hmar clan, born and brought up in Mizoram, I’ve represented India three times at the international level in sports, I’ve maintained and engineered some of the Aircrafts that you fly on, I’ve made an entry in an Indian movie, all in the name of MIZO. the only thing that makes me happy is that I can spread the good name of the ZO tribe to others. I’m happy that God has given me the oppportunity to show that the Zo tribe can do something which others can, and maybe even more.. So, ask yourself what you can do for your tribe. Tomorrow I’ll be happy to represent our tribe name as Zomi, Kuki or chin if its gonna bring unity and brotherhood to all.. I requite my previous comment:This is a never ending DISCOURSE. Personally I accept the term ZOMI but why we all must be called MIZO (and not KUKI/ZOMI/CHIN) is because there is a land called MIZORAM and a people recognized as a nation called MIZO in it, if we can accept this term then we all have a home (emotionally) and there will surely be a morale boost for everyone, from this will then spread awareness of the different clans and dialects within our tribe. I believe this is the first step in reuniting. MIZO is a very new term but it cannot be erased now that it is part of the Indian Constitution’s official name for a state tribe. So, let’s have an open heart, the choice is ours. Debate or The end Lunkhel Chal Please don’t mind this, but i hope you know the fact that. All Kuki UG’s with the exception of those newly formed ones all together unite under the two flagship banners UPF and KNO and signed a tripartite SoO agreement with the Central and State Govt in the name of Kuki UG’s only and nothing else..;-( Sonmuan Tunglut ‎@lunkhel~No.very incorrect. please do review your statement or review your knowledge. coz I know that all the Kuki UG did not sign for SoO.please refer to sadar hill’s context of UG. Lunkhel Chal I mean those under UPF and KNO..UTLA, UKLA etc came up after the signing of SoO. So, they can’t be included. Sonmuan Tunglut may be u dont know the inside story.it’s ok. but do u remember when chidambaram came to inaugurate the camp for KNO near Motbung???on that day. some KRA faction were still found taking illegal taxes on the highway 2Kms away from the town(to mention a few).this is the present scenerio of Kuki UG.lunkhel pls dont mind, my intention is not to humiliate u but to enlighten u as u may be out of state. so u see displine in a far away glimmer in the sea under Kuki banner. Sonmuan Tunglut still UKLA bears the name Kuki and should be controlled by KIM not vice~versa Lunkhel Chal Yeah, you are right. I am very far away from Home and i really didn’t know what had happened there in Motbung as it was not aired in either of the state, national and international news paper or in any of the Radio and TV broadcasters, but…See More Pupu Zou Its getting more anf more interesting. I dont know who control who. The UGs control the apex bodies or the Apex Bodies (i.e. Kuki Inpi or Zomi Council) control the UGs. In my view both are under the control of UGs and vice varsa. Thats my view. Thangboi Tungnung pupu dont enter in controversary topic its too much complicated for all of us. Onkholen Haokip No society or organization is perfect. There r flaw N loopholes. If we r out here to find for a perfect harmonious nomenclature, i think we better change the topic. Because changing nomenclature won’t change the people but the people will…… Sonmuan Tunglut pls see dt6Aprl Hueiyen Lanpao issue and read the articel/item regd UKLF by JM Zou.pub secy. Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Sonmuan Tunglut: pls paste the link here, if you really wanted us to read the issue you are talking about. Heh Sonmuan Tunglut www.hueiyenlanpao.com/news.php%3Fnewsid%3D6198&ie=jPSbTdjaPIfZkAWZx-AP Sonmuan Tunglut or simply go to www.hueiyenlanpao.com. Samuel Zomi Just like Jesus is the only way to haven,here the only way to conclude this burning topic will be the moment when we all can accept that we are the ‘Zo’ suans and can stand as ZO people, no chin-kuki-mizo-zomi. Otherwise just like we need to go to hell,no way of becomming oneness and cannot be ‘we felling’.. Sonmuan Tunglut case closed. hehehehe Jon Lupheng Hangmi Samuel zomi@s u said jesus is d only way 2 Heaven,y cnt u accept d blesn f God(d father Jesus) in respc 2 yor ancestor’s identity “kuki” which ws knwn since ages..only wn u acknoledg d blesin 2 u,other things in relation 2 our brethens like mizo n chin wil spontaneosly hv solutions.. April 6 at 11:23am · Sonmuan Tunglut that was what people know us many years back when we were uneducated and downtrodden. now we are educated and its time for letting people of the world know who we are. dont be what people called u. be what u are originally. every man made thing is ammendable. be the new Kuki~ be ZOMI. Lunkhel Chal@ Sonmuan Tunglut: Please tell me: (1). when exactly is the idea of we, the (Chin-Kuki-Mizo-Zomi) group of people being the descendants of ‘ZO’ came up? [Is it, after 1997. When the Kuki Inpi Ccpur signed ‘peace agreement’ with the Zomi Co…See More Samuel Zomi ‎@hangmi..at the present situation that you can feel and see that chin-kuki-mizo-zomi are lanuage based or a tribe based nomenclature. Mojority won’t accept it, so who will oppose that we are the Zo suans and the Zo people. You know chagelessness is what we are, we know for the better but does’t want to change. It will takes time but i’am sure one day we all shall accept my proposal or conclusion. Lunkhel Chal The only thing i like about ‘Zomi’ is; my gf belongs to Paite, who identify themselves as Zomi and nothing else. Likewise i love all my Zomi brethren and i never hate them but i will never ever accept the term Zomi till they return back to Kuki again..whatever, wherever, whenever..haha. Paul Samte Samuel, what you meant is that Kuki are decaying gradually day by day so the consequent will be the extinction of Kuki right? That’s one possible metamorphosis. @Chal, look, in ccpur, even the Misao tribe converted them into Mizo, the Gangte too, Kom tribe into Zomi, I don’t really know what is going on inside the Kuki. Chal can you tell me what is the actual reason? Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Paul Samte: All ( Chin-Kuki-Mizo-Zomi) groups were Kuki in Manipur. So, its not at all a very serious matter and a concern worthy of to be worried for..haha Samuel Zomi ‎@chal..i fell pitty or sad for yr gf(sory to involve..but as u..) that she fell in love with the one who really don’t know who kuki-chin-mizo-zomi are. Hope that she will makes you understand one day as we are going to be our Makpa..ha..ha..plis convey the mesage to her also Lunkhel Chal Lol..after all, what i am is what she will also be. Pls, dont interfere in our internal/family business..;-( Paul Samte So then, why did they left Kuki? That means we all are not Kuki. I don’t mind to be whatever as long as we can unite into one. I think you too are one of those who don’t realize the flaws and insecurity of Kuki and if it continues like this people will never turn back to it and at last you will be alone. Don’t mind I just predict it according to my view on the present situation. Munglee Paite Lunkhel Chal, we kno u r misguided..we fel very pity of u.So, we send our beloved sister to show da right part…lol… Thiangz Roux The Zomi~Kuki dilemma again! Let’z all opt Mizo for lasting peace prosperity…all beloved brother comrade. Paul Samte Roux that will be inevitable after sometime. Lunkhel Chal@Munglee Paite: i don’t think, a very ambitious young beautiful doctor with an excellent academic records will lead me towards the wrong path i,e; Zomi. I am 101 % confident that she will not do this to me..Ha ha. @ Paul Samte: Is it possible for you to say..”I am not my father’s son anymore” just because he doesn’t fulfill your monetary demands for your pocket money? If you say so, than.. people specially your families, your near and dear ones and your neighbours will start laughing at you. And if you continue to do so, on and on than you will became the laughing stock of the whole world coz people clearly knew the fact that you are your father’s own son. Likewise, the same thing happens with Kuki now..wat say? I recommended you to read ‘The prodigal’s son story’ in the Bible for your clear understanding..heh Paul Samte Chal your comment sound almost true, there is no relation between Father-son and Kuki-Zomi, the prodigal son is the metaphor of Jesus and us. So you seems hurt by my comment huh? You fled away from my questions, if you are unable to answer it then don’t be ashame I understand it. In addition what about the conversion of KNF into KNF ZOGAM? I doo’t want any irrelevant answer please. Jon Lupheng Hangmi Samuel zomi@pls tel me cn u change yor parents evy nw n then? Jon Lupheng Hangmi Paul samte@du u realy kno hu r dese misao?is der any seperate tribe s far s yor knoledge is concenrnd?pls let me kno Thiangz Roux A never ending collision??? Paul Samte I don’t really know but I just mentioning what happened in my home town. Anyway, Misao are my Pupus because my mother is Lupheng. Sonmuan Tunglut are Misao people generally whitish in complexion because I’m confused about the name of a village “Misao lah vom” maybe next time there will be a village names ” mitom lah ngou” hehe Paul Samte Sonmuan, please no mocking to other tribe fine??? These are the very causes of conflicts between two. Don’t mind huh!!! Sonmuan Tunglut ‎@paulSamte~ i know its hard to have a debate when the person u ask or counter question answers your querry as if he did’nt completely understand the questn. so you see sometimes its funny. many of my querry’s and posts are replied like …. (cant tell find the words to describe it) hehehe April 6 at 3:01pm · Like. Sonmuan Tunglut Im not mocking. maybe the Misao residing in that village might be darker in complexion than the general Misao’s of other place. ok fine. if there is any Misao sentiments that I hurt. than Im really sorry. Im just trying to clarify my doubt Jon Lupheng Hangmi Paul samte@if m nt rong u must b one f ma KATU tes being yor mom a lupheng(hanghal),d elder bro f misao(neitham) bt yongr 2 lupho(ngoilu),d eldest..al dese cums under Hangmi/milhem..so tupa, ther is no sort f particular misao tribe converting into mizo..this is nt mor tan a rumor..dunot js count on dese..lk other chin/kuki grps,ofcours v du hv clan lineag wit our mizo bretherns spcly d sailos.. Jon Lupheng Hangmi Sonmuan tunglut@sims u r atypical Tunglut s my othr bros/frens blonging 2 tunglut clans..he3 no ofence pls:-) Paul Samte Silly doubt! Sonmuan Tunglut hehehe.sometimes normal is boring. Paul Samte Kapu Jon, being your tupa, I do respect your words but till then, I have a doubt i.e. After few months/years there will be an erection of YMA in Misao Lhahvom, the people said, and the leaders of (yeah Sailo) Mizo frm Mzrm came n granted Misao as their brother at Kawnpui with a feast. Didn’t you heard about this before? Munglee Paite No silly CLAN TRICK k@ Lupheng JONY Hangmi…… Sonmuan Tunglut@lunkhel~ about ur previous qstn that I didnt ans as I was ofline was this 1. who is Zo?what is the meaning of Zo?what does Zomi mean?? if u can ans this. then ponder the same about Kuki.2.is your forefather Kuki or Mizo. No. Kuki is what p…See Jon Lupheng HangmiPaul@dey du approach nt only misao lhahvom bt evn at d level of Hangmi phungpi union bt our stand is clear v r kuki n mizos r our brothers..v r for closer relationsip wit them!bt les nt 2 4gt dat m.lhahvom is js a villages of d hangmis…HPU does encourage n welcum gud gestures fm ny corners..spcly fm d chikims..lst bt nt d least dr mus b interactn amongst us s muc s poc in any foms so s 2 breach d gap created by vested pple Jon Lupheng Hangmi Munglee paite@iz nt a trick bro..jst i m a litle bit taken aback by an imature n atypical guy i.e sonmuan tunglut s i draws cnmparisn btw hm n other tunglut frens/bros whum i hv known..nwe i fnd u litle bit SILLY to usd SILLY TRICK..no ofence pls! Sonmuan Tunglut hahaha. @lupheng~ nice one…hehehe but as u might have known. U can’t teach a kinder garten kid Calculus. so Im only using silly and simple words so that u can keep up with it .hehe anyway nice one . hehehe Samuel Lalrozâma Hmar What ever the discussion going on, I’m happy to know that we are all accepting our brotherhood and common ancestry (of the Mizo/zomi/kuki/chin) coz one of my Lusei Manipuri friend said that the Zomis want to stand as an entirely different tribe and will never accept the brotherhood (for which the word ‘zohnahthlak’ is used in Mizo (Lusei) language) I was taken back a bit, I argued that it might not be so… Sonmuan Tunglut ‎@Samuel~ have u come across a function titled: Zomi fest? if not, then ur statement is obvious. as who can blame ur ignorance. Sangthang Singsit Neither anyone of our statement which we share are what we knw….. Right? But, one ignorance must me advice for more information. Onething, that person from thadou/kuki,zou,paite, hmar etc come at the CHAVANG KUT at aizawl, but u knw, RIPANS MLT department HOD and guest lawmi is those who came there. I’m at the registration and i knw, even the ministers were invite, and so what, if they want the unity amongst us, they must give an apportunity for all of us. Which all comunities are always at the KUT in manipur (state level) at imphal. And why not here…. at aizawl. Lushei’s they are major clan and they must lead. Is’nt it not what i say? I’m just sharing what i think, not opposer like in debate…. Sangthang Singsit Neither anyone of our statement which we share are what we knw….. Right? But, one ignorance must me advice for more information. Onething, that person from thadou/kuki,zou,paite, hmar etc come at the CHAVANG KUT at aizawl, but u knw, RIPANS MLT department HOD and guest lawmi is those who came there. I’m at the registration and i knw, even the ministers were invite, and so what, if they want the unity amongst us, they must give an apportunity for all of us. Which all comunities are always at the KUT in manipur (state level) at imphal. And why not here…. at aizawl. Lushei’s they are major clan and they must lead. Is’nt it not what i say? I’m just sharing what i think, not opposer like in debate…. Onkholen Haokip We all hav our own attachments. Likewise, we are attached to our own community or tribe. Practically speaking, i dont think there can be one united nomenclature among us unless something compel us. Like i say earlier, history should not be created. Wats wrong in d name ‘kuki’. Names r given and not born with us, right? Example, ur name! Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Sonmuan Tunglut: Zofest is not Zomifest..hehe. Samuel Zomi @chal..if I want I can interfere,why??doubt!! U are going to be our Makpa..ha..ha..from your coments,the chin,mizo,zomi in manipur are all kuki. U are absolutely wrong my dear,yr idea will not be accepted by all the thadous speaking people,don’t talk or think abt the chins,mizos and zomis. In fact, I want u to expand yr thought, don’t stick only to yr place,our politics is international and globlalized. For yr kind information, there were 5ooo Zo suans in USA and in one company all the workers use only the Zo language, no english..imagine.!!ha..ha.. Sanga Samte Maybe all those who live outside of Northeast should start calling ourselves Chinki as is known of us by others. (no offence intended) Lalte Langel My oponion @Singsit i know u r staying in RIPANS from your comment, i know RIPANS very well i think I hve been there b4 u r in RIPANS…. Which is why I think that RIPANS is useless to deside weather who you are. I know very well that some may hurt your feelings, but dont worry someday we will be under one umbrella. When our turns comes we will supplies everything from Mizoram…. Through Bulma hahahah Samuel Zomi@Hangmi..we are not changing our parents’ name, instead we are using the real name of our parents when we really see the grass root level. Even the kuki said ”Eiho Zo suon I hi uh chu aw”. The Mizo also said” Zo nahtlak kan nih hi”. Al…See More Lalte Langel When ever you have time i want you all to read misual.com, I want you all to know to know how the Lushai knew the “MIZO” dont try to be seperated otherwise some sub clans will be very less. Remember under 1 we are many.. Pupu Zou I used to visit misual.com, since 99.99% was written in Mizo language, its quite difficult to participate in the discussion. Otherwise, if it is in english i would have educated all the members that are selfish. Lalte LangelAbsolutely i cant change my 4 fathers name one Question arise are they called Kuki while they are in Paletwa? or while they were in China or while they were in Chhinlung/Khul? My point is that some of our expert says different origin about Kuki i dont know what to belief, i’m confuse actually i do like my original 4fathers name what ever it may be. Some historian also said that Kuki used to live in the then MIZORAM is that true? Lalte Langel ‎@Pupu dont you worry all of them know english and you can share your openion in english too. Pupu Zou As we all know Kuki and Chin are not a person nor our progenitor…. It is a name/nomenclature given to us by the earlier dominants for their own administrative conveniences. Thats the reason some people said, u want it or not, you are being officially known as Kuki in India, but the govt of manipur divide us into small pieces again for their own greedy policy implementation out of our ignorances. Likewise, Mizo and Zomi are also not our progenitor……….. but they were not imposed by others on us, it is our own creation from our own name. Therefore, anyone saying, we are the decendants of Kuki or Chin or Mizo or Zomi are totaly wrong. They all are not our progenitors. Some are imposed on us but some are not. So, what to do……. for example, if someone imposed same name for your family common name, will anyone of us accept? I think this question makes enough hole to think by our own. Lalte Langel ‎@Pupu if you can show me how they all were not our progenitors ill belief you. Pupu Zou Kuki/Chin chate – Kuki does not have any son because is not a person. Zomi/Mizo tate – no way, coz they are amalgamation of two words, not a person again. Simple, hence proof………….. Lalte you are confused, I dont used the word Zo….. i used Zomi/Mizo…….. Lalte Langel Thanks a lot but seriously your proof is very funny hehehe i’ll think about it. Gnyt. Lalte Langel ‎@ Pupu some historian said that Kuki used to stayed in the then Mizoram is that true? Pupu Zou i heard it only now. Lalte Langel Ok thanks a lot gnyt again sleep well, tonight my Chelsea lose to ManU sob sob sob hehehe Pupu Zou HAD THERE BEEN NO OBJECTION DURING THE MOVEMENT OF ZOMI NATIONAL CONGRESS (ZNC) UNDER THE LEADERSHIP OF PU T. GOUGIN ANF PU THANGKHANGIN NGAIHTE, THERE WOULD BE NO SUCH DEBATE HERE. TUA ZOMI NGOL A NGOL DI BANG CHUH TUA HUNLAI IN ANA NGOL UH HITA MAILEH, THERE WILL BE NO KUKI-ZOMI DEBATES. WHY GOD! Samuel Zomi@pupu..sawt pek apat Zo’ kici om hinapi, a poi mawh dan phok khak luat a na om lo in, cih leh a poi mawh hun a tha khat a ih ong zat sawm ciang a , mi tampi in na sang thei pah lo hii in thei ing, hun te ong pai to2 in tun Zo suan vive ih hih lam uh kitel tek2 ih hih main a tam zaw in ZO ci-in kikhai khawm leng sang siam pen leng kilawm sa ing. Movement khat peuh2 koi mun koi gam hita leh aki pat tung a nawngkai thei zel mah hilo hia kaci mai a.. Munglee PaiteHuailai,hiailai chi chi kei ni….ZOMI te vabang ipil panta…thil itheisiam panta uh. adiklou leh adik kal khendan isiampan ta uh. Tunle a viability/feasibility en kom tak in AUTONOMOUS TRIBAL STATE Zomi Council leh ZRO huaihotna in INDIA GOVERNMENT kiang ah aki phu d….Pawldang tuamtuam te phut asia kachikei a dem le kadem bokkei…Ei hiaimun a iki sel sel ua iki tawttawt kal ua i melma ten pan ana lala uh ahi chih haihkei ni….Huaiziakin,STATE dang a i unau te buaipihlou phot in eileh ei ki buaipih phot ni…eileh ei ki tungding phot ni…. Thil hithei di leh PRACTICABLE deuh ngaihtuah ta ni..ZOMI a kipumkhat thei din TUNGNUNGPEN in thupha hongpe ta hen…… Thiangz Roux I opt for autonomous district for all kuki, zomi, chin and mizo speakin ppl under one administrative umbrella in the road of re~unification! Pupu Zou Dear Lunkhel Chal, Kuki land might not be the soluton at this moment under SoO ground. The only feasible option might be Autonomous State within a state of Manipur. I guess Kukiland or Zogam is possible only after getting autonomous. Wat say? Timothy Chongthu Lets Walk by the path shown by our ancestors!!..KUKI, this name has been given and recognized since time immemorial..and after the later stage KUKi has been disintegrated into various other TRibe..So lets all fall under 1 name 1 land with unity and itegrity.. Lunkhel Chal ‎@ pupu zou: pls know, nothing will be possible without the name Kuki. Sanga Samte What if the British were not conquering our land? What if the British were not separating our land to be a part of different countries? What if Goukhenpau dared to go and confront the Burmese as requested by Nehru? What if Laldenga was not too narrow-minded thinking only for the Duhlian-speaking tribe(s)? What if the Thadou-speaking people didn’t keep on fighting with their own tribesmen and drive out our own brothers as Aimol, Anal, Koireng, Maring, etc. to enter into a Naga fold. What if we all can drop our selfish mindsets?What if we all can set aside our communal mindset and fight for one common cause?What if… Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Sanga Samta: if all the if you had listed here were not there, then we all will accept our own original nomenclature ‘KUKI’. Sanga Samte Lunkhel frankly speaking I think you are too much Kuki-centric, why try to impose a name that others don’t like, why can’t we think out of the box and why can’t we try to make a consensus that all can accept amicably. As someone mentioned unless we are compelled by a circumstance it will be hard for us to change our opinion about the subject. What say? Sonmuan Tunglut some people will never change. and some are afraid of change, while knowingchange is a sign of Progress so i really wonder why????thats what we call “Persistent” or in Paite “Mitdel sialkhau let” Sonmuan Tunglut what good can be brought about by this so called Debate that we have in this group??? like the saying goes “its not enough just to aim at your target, u .must hit the target” in my opinion.if Kuki land or so comes first.Zogam will be one of its major cities likewise if Zogam comes first Kukiland will also be one of its major cities. it not u or my opinion, its inevitable Sonmuan Tunglut by the way, which part of Manipur do the Kuki’s intend to call Kukiland! i guess senapati??? as they have previously sign a pack with the Naga’s. For the Zomis’s it’s mother land Lamka or Ccpur(sor your convienience). Do u know. presently we dont even like to call Lamka Ccpur anymore?? guess why. its because it the name given by others. as we like to give it our own tribal name. Nemneivah Haokipwhy do u guys find it so hard 2 b called kukis…pls focus more on da literature we hav like lushei kuki clan writtn by shakespear,the kukis of manipur by t.s.gangte which were carried out with perfect research methodology and data written according 2 da knowledge share by our forefathers who know our roots much much more than us…do some readings which can make u stand firmly dat u are not under da wings of da kukis if not then pls dont draw your roots according 2 your present position and status.. Bosco Singson coz u dnt realy care who u are… and u will be lost on the way hihi M Limkhongam Zou until a problem arise we should not discuss on those topic Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Sonmuan Tunglut: You are very very very very very very very very very very very very very right by saying, ‘Some people will never change’ because you know the fact that! we, the Kukis can never ever change our identity and nomenclature i,e ‘KUKI’ forever and ever. Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Sonmuan Tunglut: Please know, Kukiland includes; all Kuki inhabitated areas of Manipur. To name few places in Ccpur (Lamka); New Lamka, Buangmual, Mualveng including your own house compound till Mizoram borders were all under Kukiland. Got it?? ;-( Jn Haokip kalung dam. Samuel Zomi ‎@chal..this changelessness of yours is yr backwardness, this attitude of yours is what we call ”khanmawh bawk” In fact you won’t move forward as you are static, be dynamic and globalized for the good. Pliz refer to my coments above. At this age, kuki is only language or tribe based nomenclature. So if you keep on insisting, one day you need to move alone. Paul Samte Neh louding vong gaa lû daute… Zogam/Kukiland namu tah uleh, Kuki noija kilungkhat tah a iumlai uva bon gimnam loua… Samuel Zomi ‎@nemneivah haokip..i don’t mind to be known as kuki, but at this age, we better stand as ZO. Even the kuki said” Eiho Zo suon I hii uh chu aw”. To be under one umbrella, we need to see at the international level, not only manipur and india. Lunkhel Chal@ Sonmuan Tunglut: And lastly but not the least, the leaders of the Zomi Revolutionary Army (ZRA) because of their clear and far sighted vision had embraced the United Peoples Front (an umbrella organisation of various Kuki Underground Groups) in 2006 and joined hands in signing a tripartite SoO agreement with the Central and State Govt. along with their other comrades in the name of Kuki UG’s . This positive development on the part of ZRA leaders shows that the ideology of land and ethnicity is paramount over nomenclature. Nemneivah Haokip ‎@samuel..there is no differnce between kuki and zo,both stand 4 hillman so if u accept zo y cnt u do da same with kuki which is our oldest identity.. Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Paul Samte: Please be positive, Kukiland is very possible. God will help us. Who knows you could become the most corrupted cabinet minister’s of Kukiland too. Haha Samuel Zomi ‎@nemneivah haokip..seems to be similar, but at this stage, there can’t be one umbrella under the nomenclature of kuki-chin-zomi-mizo, all these people were the Zo suans, so we can stand as Zo. The above are all language or tribe based nomenclature, but ”Zo” is neutral. Nemneivah Haokip ‎@samuel..we already created our identity as kuki why go 4 somethng new dat leave confusn 2 every one..if u are da 1st 2 accept than there are lots of people who will follow your footstep..btw m speaking thadou language not kuki .. Paul Samte Hahaha! Chalpu, hopeless jong umponte… Sadar Hills jng khoiva behlhah bngta. Manipur hi Assam ti beh phaleh na. Lunkhel Chal@ Samuel Zomi: Thank God because ‘Zomi’ which was never ever known or heard before 1997 could now be accepted as a new nomenclature for the so-called Zomi group of people (who were Kukis before) but now identify themselves as Zomi just because the Kuki Innpi Ccpur makes a great mistake, and please stop this funny idealogy and propaganda of; all the (Chin-Kuki-Mizo-Zomi) group of people being Zomi. Instead, follow the paths of the broad minded ZRA leaders who opted to be Kuki than Zomi. Timothy Chongthu ‎@Sam…kuki is not a language..its a Tree under which we all fall..we are the branches of this tree…we may speak different dialects but we still fall under 1 nomenclature.. Samuel ZomiI seldom call my self as kuki, i’ am ‘Zo’ using Tedim Chin language. I know u don’t speak Kuki, u are speaking Thadou, the language which is being used by the peple who were under the kukis umbrella. U know thats why I said it is language b…See More Samuel Zomi ‎@timothy..plis read all my comments above and explain to yourself..so that u will realized what kind of explaination being given by u to me Nemneivah Haokip may b its human nature that every one crave 4 change..a change from Kuki to Zo (which have the same meaning i.e.hillman)..but one should always remember that change always doesnt bring progress,it also brings retrogress and deteriorate the society.. Samuel Zomi ‎@nemneivah haokip..plis read the above ” I seldom..mainly for u..ha..ha.. Pupu Zou Nearer to thee my nomenclature, nearer to thee……… Pupu Zou ‎@ Nemneivah Haokip, ha pan aw…… we are nearer to the conclusion……… we all know that we are one, the only stumbling block is our nomenclature…. what would be the solution? Hegin Chongloi ‎@samuel chin-kuki-mizo-zomi cnt cme 2gether as one b’coz there a so many people like u who hve too much pride dat they dnt accept any1s opinion. Samuel Zomi ‎@nemneivah haokip..u seems to be a sociologists..u know some parts of the subjects..ha..ha..if you talk about society, u know society itself is dynamic and not static. Seeing the grass root level, I call my self as the Zo’ and we all shall be known as ‘Zo’ one day. Lamcha Chongloii think the so called CHIN-KUKI-MIZO/ZOMI is a group of people with same origin, culture, tradition, language etg. etc.. But why we are so divided with the Nomenclature. Citing an example, the Nagas are not having a unique identity, even from the same tribe they have different dialect from village to village, no unique culture, no unique custom and tradition still they can be one STRONG Naga. And their Nomenclature “NAGA” is not termed by themselves, still they unitedly cling to it very strongly. Eiho hi i itiu hita?????? Samuel Zomi ‎@hegin..my country my life..ha..ha,,i’am not L.k. Advani..our pride will bring unity to the Zo suans one day , and my dear fren, u will be proud of me..and you will get the first prize of being the proudest ‘Zo’ suans. Pupu Zou Friends, we all know that we are Zo irrespective of our customs and dialects and also we know that Kuki is our nomenclature. The only problem is that some section of us cannot accept Kuki as their nomenclature for the following reasons: 1). Since long time back, there is to be siki Kuki, makhai Kuki (old and new Kuki), Kuki was under the dominant of the Thadou speaking brethren. 2). The Thadou Speaking Kuki acted as if they will always hold the super power/veto over their other brethren, there was no equal representation of all the tribes in Kuki Inpi. 3). The Kuki UGs did something which the other equal in majority could not accept, like tax and what the UGs did till the present days, one lesson here…. If any UG groups keep on practicing this behaviours, there is a possiblity of another brother clash among us, by that time the news society will not accpet our nomenclatures as we did today. 4). Until and unless our UGs throw the power to our civil societies, there cant be common platform. Nemneivah Haokip ‎@samuel..u 2 must b sociologsts 2 point me out correctly..as a sociologsts u must b familiar of the word ethno-centric..u are a perfect example of ethno-centric… Lunkhel Chal Com’on, brothers and sisters.. lets re-built up Kuki again. I know we can do it, no more Kuki siki, Kuki makhai and the likes again. All of us will be a new branded 1000 rupee notes from now on..;-( Hegin Chongloi ‎@samuel i knw we’re all zo suans bt kuki is the name which was given to us. I dnt particularly cling to kuki. Kuki/ zo everthng works fine 4 me bt keep one thing in mind u cnt change ur name after u’ve cleared the 10th class…sme way jst accept u r a zo suan under the name kuki… Samuel Zomi ‎@nemneivah..nice talking with u..mangpha ciphot mai ni maw, kei ka ihmut suak luata..Topa thupha mawle… Sam L Singson beliv me…its n0t about history n theories or fact fo dat matter…we ol knew it…its ol about feelins!! We may say were 1, bt n0t withn.. Samuel Zomi@hegin..excuse me my dr, don’t exposed yr ignorance. This is a kind of intellectual debate. I do hope that u ar not a regular readers of news paper. U don’t know, how many people had changed their name. We can change our name untill we die. If u don’t know the procedure u may contact me. Bro. Hegin dedicated to u ” Little knowing is dangerous”. But in this case, i’am not trying to change kuki into zo, seeing the grass root level and international level, we can stand as Zo.@hegin..excuse me my dr, don’t exposed yr ignorance. This is a kind of intellectual debate. I do hope that u ar not a regular readers of news paper. U don’t know, how many people had changed their name. We can change our name untill we die. If u don’t know the procedure u may contact me. Bro. Hegin dedicated to u ” Little knowing is dangerous”. But in this case, i’am not trying to change kuki into zo, seeing the grass root level and international level, we can stand as Zo. And under Zo’ the rest will survive. ZO IS THE FITTEST AND WILL SURVIVE, IN THIS WORLD OF ”SURVIVAL OF THE FITTEST” Sangthang SingsitBrothers and sisters, God one day is sure to give the right name or nomenclature, we cant what we say dominant by ourself talking difrnt language coz, we have a black history in the past more than 10 years. So, plz forget about pass, redirectng pass again and again is not a Nature for our CHRISTIANITY. LET EVERYONE EXCUSE EACH OTHER. Ei iki neosah masangin vang KUKILAND/ZOUGAM/ZOGAM itih in jong inei diu tahsan a um poi… Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Samuel Zomi: If you go on with this tradition of changing the name of your Nomenclature from Kuki to Zomi, Zomi to Zo and so on, than its inevitable that you will end up unsatisfied for the rest of your life coz nothing better than Kuki will ever arise, and came up with the conclusion in your very dying bed that, though i was very much against ‘KUKI’. This is the best and only suitable name for our nomenclature. Samuel Zomi ‎@chal..let see what happens..”tradition of changing”ha!ha! don’t be so sad my Makpa, shall never change into kuki and when yr sayings struck back, the back side of yr head, u will wake up and says” ka sungh ten mailam di sau pitak na mu dan uh ai ve maw”.ci kawm-kawm in na kisuang lah sim dia…we won’t ignore u, don’t worry.. Lunkhel Chal Samuel Zomi: Please atleast retain ur name i,e samuel ok..or are u in the process of changing that too? Remember, the more the zomis try to identify themselves as zomi, the more the world knew the fact that they were Kukis.. Haha Sonmuan Tunglut@lunkhel chal; Do u also know that KNO is a very biased group and wants to dominate and supress other fellow brehteren. that’s where UPF comes in. to gahter all the people being rejected by the KNO. and the best part of UPF is that we accept the thadou speaking as well, considering them as a brother which the KNO rejected and supress.pls dont mind cos I sorry to inform u that ur info source/knowledge are just like the cover of book. u should also read the contents. Sonmuan Tunglut have u ever heard about kuki hills, by the way….all I heard were. chiin hills, naga hills. lushai hills/mizo hills. now the Chiin hills are opting for a name Zomi so all can come under one. I guess if the Kuki dont want they can join the naga hills. hehe Lamcha Chongloi @sonmuan, have you ever read books which says “the Kuki people found living in Chin hills, Lushai hills etc are one strong NATION having a unique identity and are not knowing themselves who they are….. ” please find these books which have written records about the Kuki history and read them. Becuase of the Thadou speaking group Kuki cannot be torn apart. @samuel, ok names can be change. Bombay become Mumbai, Madras become Chennai, Calcutta become Kolkata,Assam become Asom,East Pakistan become Bangladesh then one question. what is the former name of ZOMI? Paul Samte Formal name of Zomi?….I think…Kuki. Loon Gangte y sud we must hv one nomenclature? let’s create more n try to love each other not bcoz we r Kuki/Zomi/Mizo/whaeva but human bieng Lamcha Chongloi ‎@Paul, you are 100% adih’e. We were Zomi/Mizo and is and always will be but KUKI is inseparable, like people identify you by PAUL even though you are SAMTE Samuel Zomi ‎@sonmuan..Naga te beak in na saang nuam le uh pha ve, gal do2 ua maw ,kuamah tawh kilem taktak ding in lam en keng, tapa tai mang zong kisik a apa kiang a ciah kik cing kisang zo lai sam hia, amau kisik dan zong thei lo mai uh hia le.. Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Sonmuan Tunglut: you will never come across Kuki hills in any of the written history books because! Eventhough, Kuki turns out to be at par with Chin or Mizo very lately. By the time those books were written, Kuki includes all (chin-kuki-mizo) group of people. And Zomi was never heard off that time..don’t feel bad, ok..hehe Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Samuel Zomi and Sonmuan Tunglut: Tell me, who were those little group of people who try to call themselves as New Naga during 1997 in Ccpur?? Be frank, who were they???. Samuel Zomi ‎@paul and chongloi..if the formal name of Zomi is kuki, then I thik we don’t need to use Kuki anymore. This means that this is the time we should stand as ZO. Formal name is never use oficially again and again. Formal captain of india in cricket is GANGULY suceeded by Dhoni, if we still use the name Ganguly as the captain, then what would the people and Doni thik over it.. Zoculsin Zou ZO tate akoima pou amasapen in IMANGPA JESU MIN IN chibai kangbawl masa uh hi. Tuoleh atung a thulu tawh kituo in.zah ding leh khenthei ding a,deihhuoi thu ah, tam anei bang ahi hi. ZOMI=CHIN=KUKI tamteng pen akibang chi nop na ahihi Nemneivah Haokip lets say dat the formal name of zomi was kuki..wil u agree after some years our grand children change zomi into some others?..we should always stick to our roots instead of welcoming new things which are hazardous..always remember that ‘a rolling stone gathers no moss’.. April 8 at 1:30pm · Like · 3 people. Paul Samte Actually according to my view, the Kukis have created the Zomi from their own hands, not the ZO. Not even God destroys what he had created so do the Kuki. Now examining the current situations, the Zomi seems overweight the Kuki. Kuki will soon collapse as there was a saying, “kukite toh thadoute akidou leh eimite thi2 yeng”. Nemneivah Haokip until and unless our literatures and empirical histories survive the kuki won’t collapsed… Timothy Chongthu Guyz what had happnd b4 can not be changed..let us all xcept dis n work for the betterment n unity of the society..No matter wat name prevails let us all unite 2gther n work for the upliftment and equality of each section in the society.. Sonmuan Tunglut ‎@lunkhel~ ok fine. that was past. u tell me who signed a pack with the Naga as a tribe among them. hehehe Lamcha Chongloi ‎@samuel zomi, when you cannot write spelling of a word correctly do not talk about NAM instead go back to KG and learn by heart the spelling that you make mistake. Lunkhel Chal@ Sonmuan Tunglut: The Kukis never ever signed a pact with the Nagas to be a tribe under them, t’was bullshit and the story was just made up by people like you who always wanted to disintegrate the unity of the Kukis. Please know, you name…See More Thiangz Rou I just want to be CHIKIMZO? Nothing else…let’s all seek for integration and try to have a long future vision instead of quarelling amongst ourselves up and down…! See the nagas, though they speak different dialect, they can unites under single one roof… We CHIKIMZO understand each other dialect 80%, almost congruent, why cannot we unite…? Dats becoz of our narrow minded n selfishness. The moment, we unite, we’l abounded wit vast land of area, dominant…i.e, Whole of Mizoram & Chin state of Myanmar, quarter of manipur~assam~meghalaya~tripura~bangladesh, inhabited by us, CHIKIMZO under one powerful administrative country…thank you. Sangthang Singsit what ever we said is right from our basement, so, plz lets unite not by name but by one another. Coz, by name at this stage we wou’nt b able to make a decision. Where ever we are, we need to help each other in what or wherever we need. That…See More Samuel Zomi ‎@chongloi..atleast u make out the spelling mistakes..good to know that u are very excited. As u agree that the former name of zomi is kuki, so plis stick to yr words, and don’t use the former name from now onwards..it is irrelevent and try using the later one. For your kind information, I do hope that I had achieved much more then waht u had in the academic carriers. Samte Mangboi hahaha…..Amos Chongloi, humour like yours sometimes speak volumes even more than serious scholarly deliberation. Anywayz, i’m for Zou/Zo whichever, becoz to me this should be the ultimate thing. Bosco Singson hahahha…… even if we called zo/zou/zomi…… wen we look back the history we are the lost tribe trying to find new names to suit the changing world. which will finaly lead us to the history again. Lamcha Chongloi Samuel:For your kind information, instead of FORMER you wrote FORMAL that also in three places in your former comment, and still you do not know where you make mistake, incomplete letters is under consideration,check it out. And the example that you give does not fit the topic. We are talking about WHAT while you are talking about WHO and your example also speaks about WHO.How comes a ZOMI is SAMUEL who hates a foriegn name to identify himself? If you are a pure Zomi replace SAMUEL with a suitable tribal name. My boy higher academic does not meant that one has everything. Even your age is too young to talk about POLITICS. Complete your studies and come to the FIELD then you will feel the difference. Pupu Zou Plz, plz, plz no personal attact here……… try to focus on the topic. As long as you understand, its fine…. if you guyz want to personally teach each others about your mistakes in spelling and sentences, please send them message as you beloved brothers and sisters. Lets try to maintain courtesy atleast here. Hegin Chongloi ‎@samuel r u trying to let the kukis becme zomi in a fortnight? My dear bro. kuki is the bigger name n moreover the ‘haokip’ popltn alone is far more bigger than the zomis alone….no offence… If u hve the guts go take over your elder brother n see wat happens….if u knw wat i mean. Reading newspaper alone cannot make me thnk dat zomi is the bigger of the two…n pls buy the oxford dictionary bro… Kaikam Paul Singson wow! wat an absurb things! do you called yourself kuki or mizo or chin? answer this. this will clarify wat you u intended…. Samuel Zomi@lamcha chongloi..age does’t matter..don’t try to block my way just to hide yr mistakes. Do u ever read the bible?? Translate samuel into Thahdou language. At this stage, I don’t need yr advice, I do hope that I shall be ahead of u in ever…See More Onkholen Haokip Dear fren, as far as this topic is concern, many of us tried our best to convince each other with utmost courtesy but i see only hatred among us, m sorry if m wrong, just sharing and nothing personal. Pupa did a good job! A big kudos to him. But I think this is not a controversy topic but we r making it controversial only. There is nothing uncommon between the paites n thadou, they shared/have the history, roots, culture N traditons though a little modified. Eg.even stories like Benlam, lendoute, khupting/khupching & Ngambom/Ngambawm etc..etc.are same. Kitoh masa leu hen pha d hija. Ahtwi keu nailouva ahnou simpa ibang jeng uve! Thanks. Samuel Zomi ‎@hegin..i can present u if u want, not only oxford…don’t show off yr ignorance,if u want to change yr name u can contact me. ”Name can’t be change” ..ha..ha.. Mund’s Zou ‎@hegin chongloi r u kidding..”the haokip population bigger than the zomis alone”. I suggest u read the above comment post by Zoculsin.. Hegin Chongloi ‎@samuel dear bro look hw ignorant n foolish u are. U gt pissed jst b’coz sme stranger doesn’t agree wit ur thinking. This thinking, the ‘ka thulou thu hisah lou’ thinking will never get us far. If the chin-kuki-mizo-zomi have to be united we sud totally discard ths starting wit u samuel n pls spread the word. N bout the name change 4get it bro. Its 4 mannerless people Hegin Chongloi ‎@mund dat was jst a joke bro to convince samuel. Jst to tell hm hw if all the chikimzo were to be under one hw will the majority lke mizo n thadou spkng kukis accept a name of the lesser grp. Dat wud be absurd!! Jon Lupheng Hangmi lets du things that has wider apeal..lez stop locality centric polictics lk moreh centric,new lamka centric,rengkai centric etccc Samuel Zomi ‎@hegin..no one can discard me..as I said, my country my life, don’t talk abt mannerless less, u might need it later. You are just like the cunning fox my dr. When we all stand as Zo, lets see, whose name comes where.. Hegin Chongloi ‎@samuel ‘every1 2gether as zo’ like dat wil happen in 100 yrs bt i appreciate ur optimism bro. If we cme 2gether we cud be ‘chikimzo’ bt ‘Zo’? Seriously? Hegin Chongloi ‎’CHIKIMZO’ cud b the best. United n strong, we stand as one… Hegin Chongloi ‎@samuel bro no one’s talkin bout discarding u. Its bout discarding the ‘ka thulou thu hisah’ feeling. Dnt get 2 emotional bro it hurts me wen sme1 gts emotionl esp u my best debate.. Vangluah MungmuNg hegin chongloi says the right thing…what we want is unity,r nt we?? And let’s not mention haokip popltn alone is bigger than zomi. It may b but meitei popltn are bigger than us, hindu popltn are bigger than meitei, chinese popultn r bigger than the hindu…”kangpokpi ban a khua a om lai diam??”…..chih khak theih ahi…. Lunkhel Chal None of the name; Zomi, Chin, Chikim, Chikimzo have any concrete and firm legal standing in India except Mizo and Kuki. But, under the name Mizo (meaning Zo people) which was taken from ‘Zo’, Mizoram was already created for the ‘Zo’ people. So, why the need to unite under the name Zo again??. Instead, if we all unite together under the name Kuki, the political aspiration we all have at present could be solved by the Indian Govt very easily. Live and letlive in Kukiland (Zalengam). Vangluah MungmuNg kuki is the right one even the british also recognised us by that but only the thadou says they are the original kuki(incident in assam some years ago). Even the anal tribe are also kuki,some people say. But i compare it like pakistan is a part of india in the olden days …..if the thadou speaking people have not have such thinking,we may not be this far….. Kaikam Paul Singson it is useless to argue here any more. why? because it lead us to nowhere. how? instead of uniting we are fighting for division/seperation. we all are kuki’s in the eyes of our enemies n the world. aren’t we? the enemies dont care whether you are kuki thadou or mizo or watever you are… n when they want to kill u like before they will make no distinction- kuki-chin or watever u claim coz its useless for them to make. here we are still fighting over dominance for sumthing. like the 90s, u wana witness again? if then fight for ur own identity. you can call yourself chin-mizo or kuki… but alas! when such a situation cums it wil be too late n your enimies will sweep u away like sand in the beach….. you dont believe me? this is it. they say there are no kukis last time becoz they are knwn as thadou as it happens… mizos safe? no way! only those who run for thei life! and that also hardly. so wat i suggest is lets stop fighting among ourself if u reaalllyyy want to preserve your identity.! united we stand! no body defeat us! Vangluah MungmuNg to be really in the field,first step, gun culture should be abolished in our society. But who will??…it’s better to study and be a good follower of Jesus christ…if you are too wise,the UG’s may target you…. Mund’s Zou ‎@vangluah…ur 100% rite Pupu Zou Friends, its enough now, lets focus on the remedies. You will get it on another post about the conclusion. Vangluah MungmuNg pupu zou you are right…..we talk,discuss,blame with whom we are close…we neva discuss this thing with the hindus coz they were too far from us…i believe and hope that oneday we may be fed up of hatred among us and unite atlast…i am always in a positive mood for unity…..but on that day, will we lose our our land???? Pupu Zou Mungmung, Sure one day we will be fed up of this hatred as we do to the gun culture which we think this culture give us power, but at all. Hegin Chongloi one difficult but possible remedy cud b to abolish all the church denominations n cme under one church…its difficult bt not impossible. If God b wit us who can b against us….rt? Sangthang Singsit thanks guys with you good words. Sonmuan Tunglut so the only current solution is not to comment in this post anymore. right!!!!!! Samuel Zomi@hegin chongloi..don’t try to convince me just by yr irrelevent assumptions. You are talking abt emotional..ha..ha..” u know ,u can read what my eyes can see till the end but sory to say that u can’t read my brain..its becoz of all people…See More. Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Samuel Zomi: Chicago is in USA so you can’t write Chicago, USA, Malaysia. Please don’t show your ignorance over and over again here. I am fed up with this whole story of made-up ‘Zo’ and its Zomi history. Jon Lupheng Hangmi Samuel zomi@our political isues hv no relatn wit d USA..du u thnk those 5000 wil gv us unity n state??jst bcs u r setled doesnt meant tat u hv 2 change your identity lk a flirty gal..gues u gt it!!! Nemneivah Haokip i think this is a platform where the intellectuals pour out their thoughts about the explicit remedy of our identity..isnt it too blunt to brag about the strength of our community my dear samuel??if we name our tribe accordng 2 numbers as u want it 2 b then your so called …. cant stand against haokip clan alone..grow up Samuel Zomi @chal..you know when some people knew what we don’t know much..we felt hesitant and bored, might be its yr nature. This 5000 people might not brings unity but they will be the backbone for our society..i know chicago is in usa,i’am mainly focussing to that state.just log in www.sihzang seino.com. Don’t talk abt kuki, even to use thahdou language will be just like we are in the lost world. If u don’t know much to comment and fed up, just read what others comments. Samuel Zomi ‎@hangmi..it is very much related, we can’t ignore those Zo suans in other countries..one person one vote..everyone needs to be included for the real unifications,doesn’t matter abt the quality and the quantity..as we include all in ZO. THIS IS WHAT WE CALL ZOSUANNIZATION IN THE PROCESS OF GLOBALIZATION. Samuel Zomi ‎@nemneivah..kangpokpi banah khua a om lai diam, singara or samosa sung ah alu a om theih lam lamdang a sa te a ding in bel ka thu kuph te a tel hak ding mah hi. A pua lam vai mu nailo leh thei kha nailo naih ciang ua maw..na e ka duang!! Thahdou sung zong a sung tawng na thei peuh2 dian maw sangam nu. HAOKIP chasan tui nasah na lai ham…ha..ha.. Lunkhel Chal@ Samuel Zomi: Please don’t boast off yourself mentioning about those 5000 Zo population in the USA everytime U wrote a comment here. Instead, think about how and why they landed there in USA. Infact, that was a very pitiable and melancholic story because they were Burmese refugees taking political asylum in other foreign coutries just for a short period of time before their own Country’s condition returns back to normalcy once again. And who were they? Kukis/Chin or Zomi? If you wanna know more about this, you can visit www.ksdf.org or www.kukiforum.org. Lastly but not the least, please also read Burma history if you really have the zeal to know more about Kuki history in Burma (presently Myanmar). Jon Lupheng Hangmi samuel zomui@m talkin about manipur context Thangboi Tungnung the end let their b peace among us Lunkhel Chal And to speak very narrow mindedly like you do..Don’t you know how many Kukis settled in USA and UK alone? Just forget about Seol, Kuala Lumpur, Singapore etc. Chavang Kut, the harvesting festival of (Chin-Kuki-Mizo) was celebrated in USA and UK every year for a good number of years now. Besides, Kuki Innpi USA, KWS London, KWS Kuala Lumpur etc were running very smoothly from the past few years till today. Nemneivah Haokip@samuel..so childish..when da haokip were talking about kangpokpi and samosa..ur so called …might not even know the existence of samosa and kangpokpi…i told u b4 also pls read some literatures written on the basis of knowledge pourd down by yours and my forefathers who know our roots much2 more than you do..dnt just try 2 change our identity just by your present position and those 5000 invisible people whom you keep on bragging about.. Lamcha Chongloi ‎@Samuel:…. you did not admit the mistakes that you had committed while writing comment. I am the only who Thadou who accepted Zo since i am the son of ZO. This is my sincere advise that REUNIFICATION of the ZOSUAN is not to be done the way you did because, your statements contained words of HATRED. My brother LOVE alone shall brings UNITY. If not LOVE then GUNs but never HATRED. Long live ZO. Thangkhokai Haokip ‎@samuel,Do u realy kn0w the so calld 5000 zosuans in usa??they are n0thing other then chins c0mmunity Fr0m burma,so shame of u.plz p0nder ur baseles propaganda.My m0ther is fr0m burma,we hve h0me there,i kn0 everythng Abt kuki,chin zomi,their political status in burma.shame shame… Sangthang Singsit LET’S EVERYONE WAIT FOR THAT,OUR LEADERS WILL GO THROUGH IT. LET’S TRY TO ACCEPT WHAT EVER THEY PROPOSE. THEN, WE WILL LIVE. Thangkhokai Haokip Chin nati0nal day in burma was celebrtd as z0mi namni in newlamka.is this a child act or a sily act or wat??? H0w dare??hahaha Thangkhokai Haokip ‎0ne of The aim of zro/z0mi council: Banladesh,burma ,india a z0mi te teng2 gopkh0m vek d.zogam pallun sak d Hahaha…Are n0t they the arm outfits who operatd 0nly in 2 sub divisi0n of churachandpur???. Thangkhokai Haokip There is n0 survival in z0mi. The zomi(s) hve n0 mouth and teeth in politiks! Truth hurts! Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Thangkhokai Haokip: Talom lom nangjong naval behseh tai..haha Thangkhokai Haokip Kuki ten ”tahchapa” etiu,z0mi ten ”takheh” atiu khu kathow ahe.hahaha Jon Lupheng Hangmi anomk cheh2 e hahah Thangkhokai Haokip Samuel le ayang hi u cha hilh0n bou inte.hahaha Ayang bol a bol d he. Elizabeth Boinu Munlua my language is zou,but i prefer kuki,even in india u said u r zomi people dont know,they”ll ask northeast kuki, Munglee Paite ‎@Boinu Munlua……….pliz kep in mind while u comment that UZO is one organisation under the umbrella of ZOMI COUNCIL. Munglee Paite ‎@Amos Chongloi……..i MELMA te chi a kagen te kha mo ZOMI te khantouh ding dal te, ei unau laizom te kikal a DIVIDE AND RULE POLICY zang te,ZO suan kahi chih thei gegu a kitheihmoh bawl tei2 te…mahni angma di couh khuat a BEH leh PHUNG min a politics saite,mahni gilpi puak di bak nagaihtuah phak ale neilou te…… Samuel Zomi ‎@nemneivah..naupang lungsim bang aneilo te vangam ki-uk na sungah lut thei lo ding hi aki cih mah bang in na lungsim na khel kei leh kipum khat na sung ah ta lo ding hiteh..na kikhel baih leh nang aham pha baih himai..ahun lap sawm aw..kalaisai tazen mah2 Nemneivah Haokip so sorry samuel..though we are same under the wings of kuki i speak thadou dialect… Thangkhokai Haokip ‎@Munglee..TheUZO is under zcouncil,Nevertheless,thos of vaiphei,zou guite,simte,gangte,paite,etc called themselves as kuki in,assam,meghalaya,nagaland sadarhils,chandel,tamengl0ng,ukhrul and Parts of ccpur.n0 doubt the uzo is under zcouncil,but all the zou tate is n0t so.similar in case of all tribes except thad0u.last but n0t the least,zdv is a kuki outfit under KNO.huh! Samuel Zomi ‎@thangkhokai..i myself is chin, but I call myself as zo becoz i’am zo suans..those people in USA were the chins and they are the zo. Vangluah MungmuNg what i doubt is will there be any real survival if we are all under kuki…… Nemneivah Haokip we survive and live happily until we were together calling ourselves the kuki..differences and misunderstandngs started when we fight against our identity and tryng 2 create new2 thngs Thangkhokai Haokip ‎@samuel,u dnt hve any ryts to imposed a name to others.if the chins are z0mi,y n0t z0mi state instead of chin state.do u realy kn0 how many people in burma accept z0mi??mind ur brain. Munglee Paite Huaiciah kua a hiaimiun a ZRO in KUKI min in SOO suai akai chi lai2…ZRO in KUKI min zang in suai akai zen2 kei. UPF sung ah KUKI min zang(UKLF,KNF leh adng2) pawl aom chihman thu hi..KUKI UG chi a ahong ging2 ziak ahihleh IMPHAL BASE media te ziak ahi.Ei lak a DIVIDE & RULE policy zang ahi ih. Achiangzo sem a thei ut te adin hiai site HOULIMNA | PU K. GUITE, ADVISER ZRO www.zogamonline.com ah ana lut un…nachiang mai Munglee Paite di uh. A INTERVIEW na teng2 le simsuak le uchin ase hetkei d… Vangluah MungmuNg even a single meitei person is not involve here but we are like this…..sob…sob… Wat i mean is U.T or statehood or independence?? C.c.pur may b the only last option…sadar hills,saikul,kangpokpi,moreh etc…etc…may b this particular area/village may b under our dominent but as a whole dominated by the naga… Vangluah MungmuNg munglee paite…..ki hichi tel hi eilak maw?? Gen gen ale gen veng d hi kei,kuamah ki niam khiak lah omlou, ki hehpih tuah chih lah omlou….a huchihlouh tak in UG hiai zahzah piang kenteh….. Samuel Zomi ‎@chal..plis remember till u die..we are judged by how we end and not how we starts..so its useless to think how they landed there. See their future and yrs too.. Vangluah MungmuNg samuel zomi…..burma te na hi hia kon dong zual,non hilh thei diam??. Thangkhokai Haokip !@vanglah mung, Thanks for ur c0nstructive c0ments. As per my c0ncern,y n0t survival in kuki?? the bitter truth is that ‘Kuki’ is a rec0gnised n0menclature in india as wel as in internti0nal.our hstry,culture, identity is impact to the world in the term ‘kuki’ identity.eg.as recordd in britist library in l0nd0n. The kukis are the major tribals in manipur according to the central.even anal,chiru,chothe,m0y0n,maring,lamkang are kukis as per the indian gvot.record as wel manipur govt. The central govt.britist govt. Are aware of our war of independence during the famous Anglo-Kuki war1917-1919. Again,regarding the anal,m0y0n etc above menti0n tribes,Prof.gangumei Kamei term them as politicaly nagas and culturaly kukis as he is aware who realy they are.hence if we hve unity under kuki,i dnt forsee any hindrans or obstacle in our future politics.sugest me if u thnk so. Thanks! Vangluah MungmuNg @thangkhokai….tat’s wat i’m trying to say…lamkang,mayon,anal,chothe and many other sub-tribe are kuki and even some section of kom tribe but they are under the naga(according to them)now..language plays a very unconstructive role in ou…See More Munglee Paite@ thangkhokhailet Haokip, i wonder y u always let us remember our past ignorant…?? nidang in makai muanhuailou leh pilkhollou( makai masa te kadem na a kagen ahikei), mahni IDENTITY natom theilou leh TUIBUK leh HAUSA PUANSAN bak muhphakna neilou makai ineikha uh ahi maitheii…Huailai in ZO suante hizen pi, ihihna uh genkhe theilou a i om ziak un BURMA ah CHIN chih in i om ua, INDIA malsuah bial( NORTH EAST INDIA)ah KUKI chih in i om uh. Huchi in thil bangkim ah KUKI leh CHIN min in ahong pai ta…….tun ahihleh, ZOMI te vabang kipil ta hi…Thil ki theisiam pan2 ta hi..adik leh diklou kal khendan kisiampan ta hi. Adiklou te bawldik dileh, ahoihlou te suhoih ding in ZOGAM in nang hon ngak ahi……..Hunpaisa a i hihkhelh te uh ziak a tapkotawng a kisel sel lai di mo???? ahihkeileh, ihihkhelh te bawldik dia kuankhe di??? Mailam not ding mo??? or Nungtolh ding??? Thupukna cu ng khut ah a om.TAKHEH!! TAKCHAPA!!! TAK CHANU! Thangkhokai Haokip@munglee, Thanks for ur c0ments. Regarding the,i sud say lost tribe ,of abve menti0n.they call themselves as naga,c0z during the unf0rtunate kuki-naga c0nflicts, the kuki peoples d0nt hve en0ugh guns to protect themselves.but the nagas,IM were heavily armd,so they enter the area,village of chiru,anal etc etc wo were kukis,they warnd to gund0wn them if they embras kuki identity(muivah politiks).so the people prefer thei head.the nagas protects them,take shelter wit them.all this is the reas0n of what hapens to the all thos kuki tribes. Wat ever had happens or may happen,The kuki peoples are firm and sticks to their identity and fight for their lost h0mland.tahchapa! Vangluah MungmuNg for my last comment in this issue… There is a brothers A,B,C,D,E who always quarrel among themselves for many years…the big bro A boast of himself being the eldest and fought with B…C took pity of B and fought together with B. D& E run away from home due to some other reason….due to this reason,the neighbour come and took away some of their possession which they will never get it back…for the last option, let the big bro A repent from his mistake,apologize for what he had done and accept what ever the condition his little brothers are..come together with B and seek D&E wherever they are…or else the father will arrive from journey and what will A face?? Lost all his brothers and even the neighbour took awy all our possession…. God uses only moses to save millions of israel… Munglee Paite ‎@ THANGKHOKAILETPU…Kholdih, Sia PAU dong oh nachi a…..Ng amah toh kihou khata mo??? a PLAN le POLICY te uh nangkia hon hilh zel ya?? Ng ama ADVISER mo???? Wer did u stay rite now?? Huaichiah, Zogamonline serve gige telak a 1 nahih aleh ZRO President PU THANGLIANPAU interview na le nana et ka lamen……. Thangkhokai Haokip @dear bro.munglee ‘history repeats itself’.I am n0t c0ncrn to the past or present,wat m c0ncerning is the truefacts that hapens withins ur society. A nati0n without politicl hopes cant survive. In politics,our identity to others,to the world,how the world kn0ws us, is the very2 main p0ints,than wat ever we cal ourselves,do u agree? I am n0t offnding z0mi. So,do we hve any Future and Hopes in z0mi,zogam?? do the govt.even the manipur govt. Recognisd z0mi???Do we have any z0mi politics hist0ry??do we have any records in z0mi identity?? So WHY zogam?? Sepai lut teng2,govt.service mu teng2 le kuki min a lut uh hilou maw?? Plz kn0w dat u r z0mi in ur house c0mp0und and u r KUKI after crosing ur gate.. Again,i hop u kn0 the meaning of ‘naga’. so,Is n0t ‘naga’ is the word coind by the britist to the n0n-kuki tribes of manipur?? Y they hve that much unity and words in politics?? Kuki is our age old identity,we sud work together under kuki fold if we really want our so calld zalengam/zogam?Takheh! Thangkhokai Haokip ‎@munglee..Y asking my plce??? Interview le simkha mah e.kitawp hen nachih u hlou hya?? i ve kn0wn al those fr0m kuki ugs of upf.ok,bro Plz let us n0t menti0n ugs again.. Munglee Paite aban ban a hong pai di aka hia@Kailetpu…hun hongpai dia ihihna diktak(ZO suan ihi chih)ihon theih chiang ciang ua ZOGAM hong piang di eivoi… Pangkhom di hang a, kithutuak tak a khe 1 a ihong ding theih chiang a a SYSTEM hong dik di eicu…abang abang hileh, tu dinmun a na theih dia kadeih ahih leh thil hithei di ngaihtuah phot in… tu leh tu a ipoimoh uh ei singtangmi te atuam a kivaipuakna ahi..KUKI STATE viable nasa ya?? Piangkhe zou din nagingta ya?? kencu gingtlou…..Huaiziakin, ZRO leh ZOMI COUNCIL huaihotna a AUTONOMOUS TRIBAL STATE( STATE within a state achih uh) INDIAN CONSTITUTION nuai ARTIClE 244A toh kizoitawn a Singtangmi te kivaipuaknadi tuam ki ngaihtuah pen ana sui det2 inla lungsim pichingtak pua in thupukna ana la in…STATE pua a imi isa te buaipihlou phot in MANIPUR a om te kibuaipih phot ni…..Na NAMBING/HAOKIP lungsim pilkhel tak kha paikhe phot lecin ahoih di…he2….an neklim ow @ Khailetpu aw…. Thangkhokai Haokip Haha@mungleetpu. Naki chaivot mah e maw..hehe ATS demand d na chih pen u hoihlotel eive.himah le govt.in ATM h0npeh sawm uh hile kil0m.hehe..Nangle nek lim… Thangkhokai Haokip Kipang kh0m theih d hile chuh ats pen sihet lou eive maw… But state toh akibat lou na bang2 e,Chief minister um di,separate high court le um d ,separate administrati0n hidih chi hilou hya…kukistate toh bang a akikhiak na?? Z0mi nakichi u hlou hya,tribal state na chi uh? Hehehe Sangthang Singsit sopi munglee, zomi or kuki etc, nomenclature sei jing a, iki niel jing u le vang phat khat teng, phung a jat2 recognise hung kibol le tua sanga iki toh lou joh diu ahi. Zomi kiti apha poi ka ti na ahi pon, recognised din zomi kiti nom lamkai hon na hin tong le, manipur govt chu recognised din ki ging jing inte. Govt official naga ho chu approve bol d sa ei vet lhih jing u ahi. Ven, sopi a peng kop chu a hat jo d a ki chu le, amelma koi ham chun aki khen tel lhon na diu va ma ala tei ding ahi. Chu teng khat khat a, amelma pau chun nom tah a ajaw lhon ding ahi. Eiho le eiho kikhen tel na ding thu ho vang koiman approve bol pou te, chuteng nikhat le twi bang i lenkhom thei diu ahi..kakipah e. Lamcha Chongloi Samuel Zomi,this is what and where you make mistake who has higher academic carrier while addressing your comment to @paul and chongloi…………..”if the formal name of Zomi is kuki, then I thik we don’t need to use Kuki anymore. This …See More Lamcha Chongloi m not angry but try to correct him after all he is my blood, my brother since im the son of ZO even though he don’t accept me and did not admit his fault. Samuel Zomi ‎@ Mr. Amos..kum 3 tak pai khia thei lo ding na hih leh, sawt lua lo ding hia, tua ci bang ahih leh ken ong veh ning ei. Tua ciang nang pil na leh kei hai na’ thusim kikum ni mawte..hanciam hi hang ei guai.. Samuel Zomi ‎@lamcha..”correcting me”..ha..ha..atleast I owe u to say thank you very much for your care. From yr 100% aggrement, I would like to say once again” The former name of zomi is kuki”..bil nei khempeuh mah in za ta hen..!! Nemneivah Haokip there is no new and old name..only kuki exists and it wil b 4 now and forever Kaikam Paul Singson who among you think to be safe in time of terror like the 90s? stop fighting among yourself! wats the point of arguing such baseless reason? i see no reason. when the time cum you will be sweep away like before whether u call yourself mizo, chin, kuki or watever names u invented only if u dont unite now. some say that when such situation cums we will be united, do u realy think dat u can do sumthing important wen u r runing 4 ur life wen u cant even unite we r free to do it? so i see no point. the future is upto us to decide for our father made a grave mistak which u already witness. do u want ur children to be victims of ur foolishness or worse than wat u had just witneess? Hegin Chongloi ‎@samuel bro go please read English Grammar carefully n cme to debate….cnt understand wat’s written. ” I myself is chin”…..”our society can’t be progress”‘……This is 21st century dude……n moreover wat if there are 5000/10000 zo in USA or UK or ….hell…lets say the moon….Do u think they care….They are citizens there so 4get it man…..USA a naumle Manipur nahung kile nom di…Zougam kimu jongle…. Thangkhokai Haokip Samuel chuh naopang eive,usa ah zo mi 5000 lam 0m,chihpou kigen a kihihsak pih mah2 Jachat na um val e.piching deuh in c0ment pe ve… Samuel Zomi For my last comment in this burning topic: I myself is a Tedim Chin, using Tedim language. Knowing and seeing the fact that the chins-mizos-zomis-kukis are the real brothers and sisters(Tuun sung khat pan piang hi ngei2 hang ei) who were being seperated by the British by their Divide and rule Policy. They were also being seperated geographically by giving different names. In short, at present,they were known to be mizo in mizoram,chin/zomi in myanmmar and kuki,zomi in india also zomi in different countries. They are using different languages,lusei/duhlian in mizo, thahdou in kuki,paite in zomi and tedim in chin(taking the mojority). In course of time, all these nomenclatures seems to be language based or tribe based groupism. So for the minority people,it seems they have no place. This might create another type of groupism. At this point, no one would like to drop their own nomenclature. I therefore came up with one neutral nomenclature,i,e what we call Zo. All the chins-mizo-zomi-kuki are the zo suans. Lets the world recognised us as we are the zo. Under the zo, we can be thadou,paite,tedim,vaiphei,gangte,lusei..etc..etc language using-zo. Don’t worry abt the common lanuage, it will be borned by itself.With this, any kind of movement might be easier,faster and fruitfull. Population also counts a lot inorder to raise our voice.so under the zo,we shall be populated,rich in language,culture,rituals,traditions etc..it will be a kind of ”Nation in the making”…As I won’t be able to share all my openions here, I do hope that u all understood what I really meant it. I’am sory to say that I might not reply back if any comments. I just want to share my openions and u can compare with yours. According to me no more chin-mizo-zomi-kuki..but the combinations of all,i,e ‘Zo’. After all we are all zo suans. In brief, my real policy is ”Zosuannization in the process of globalization for the re-unifications of the zo suans”(a dik lo a om te kimaisak tek ni)Lungdam. Sonmuan Tunglut yeah right. every body go to sleep. Lunkhel Chal I am not a ‘Zo’ suan. Pupu Zou then? Lenn Chongloi its very difficult for people who are new to the Zo concept to have a buy-in soon enough but if most like it a viable option but again we do have nothing to say who we are besides Kuki or chin kuki? can someone help out with this dilemma? whats in a name nothing and everything. I am reminded of salauddin Words what is the worth of Jeerusalem when asked by the crusaders he said ” Nothing and everything” … if finding a name will help us Iam waiting for the verdict. Pupu how do u propose to statistically collate and come out with how many like a particular name ? Pupu Zou Len, if you really want unity among us why not just accept this way? I am Zo suon, Kuki is my nomenclature. Pupu Zou In my point of view, if you accpet Kuki as your nomenclature, you are accepting all our nomenclatures, because Kuki=Zomi=Mizo=Chin! Lamcha Chongloi My dear Brothers-in-blood, wether you accept ZO suan or not YOU are Zo suan because ZO=FATHER and suan=son………….hhahahahaa JAI HOOOOO…… Onkholen Haokip Sorry guys n no offence…What/who is ‘ZO’? Is it the name of a person or place? I hav heard of ‘KHUL’ but ‘ZO’, it’s new to me…can anyone explain ‘ZO’ in details…..? Pupu Zou I have had expressed many time my views on which nomenclature should i opted for if am asked. I opted none, because both are under the dominant of one major tribe………. where the minor tribes are being used as ……… you know better …See More Lamcha Chongloi Dear Lunkhel, ZO is common noun whereas MANMASHE is proper noun….hehehehe Pupu Zou Lamcha, i think you are putting in ulta malta…… If Manmassi is Khul Kon, that means it is common noun whereas Zo is a proper noun. There are so many Khul/Cave…… whereas there is only on Zo……. hehehehe Thangkhokai Haokip ‎@rspctd pupu,Thanks for ur resp0nse.But,seems dat ur resp0nse is in c0ntrast wit ur last c0ment,of wich u admit dat,ur z0suan n kuki,ur n0mencltur.But I respect ur decisi0n.0ne m0r qusti0n plz.,Do u believ that,the unificti0n of all eimis under ‘z0mi’ wil be firm n sail well in our future or any hindranc u foresee??can the kukis and z0mis wil ever unite togthr? Thangkhokai Haokip Tehse h0n manmasi chate kadam nao ve.ati ji ngut u chu aw na?? I think zo is the descendant of manmasi. So manmasisuan.hehe Pupu Zou As far as the unification of Kuki and Zomi is concern…….. there will be one day, but not in toto…….. The formal unification of Germany into a politically and administratively integrated nation state officially occurred on 18 January…See More Lamcha Chongloi D/Pupu, i did’nt fused with KHUL and was briefing to bro.Lunkhel that Manmassi as a particular person who existed times immemorial(whom we assumed as our forefather) so proper noun……….hahaha Thangkhokai Haokip@thanks pupu. accordng to u,what realy is the main reas0ns for d bifurcati0n of us into kuki n z0mi??y likes uilekel??Hehe As per my c0ncern,seems dat the kuki innpi(kukis) wil n0t want to be under z0mi council,as I Thinks dat,say thadou po… Pupu Zou i think we need to gather old files/documents to list out these points. It all started way back in 1940s to 1960s during the recognition of tribes in Manipur. Thangkhokai Haokip But seems dat, I/we dnt ve heard of ‘z0mi’ Bef0r ’97(unao mel heih hun).M I ryt or ?? Pupu Zou Zomi starts from 1960s and and the first public declaration of the name Zomi National Congress (ZNC) in 1972 at Daijang Village (My Native Place). Pu T. Gougin as the Founder President. April 11 at 12:13am · Like · 1 person. Thangkhokai Haokip It is very unf0rtunate dat the PNC opp0sd the said ZNC as also u c0ments 0n zgam.c0m.akiphu til lai chun kivaipoh na phatah in ana um le pha d hja na??kipum khat na ana chepi u le. The intrducti0n of z0 am0ngst us is too late dat we dnt hve any records or our histry in z0 identity.tis is the m0st setback p0ints of z0.Kasei khel am le… Pupu Zou a dih nai………. awl in kihou mat kit taite na….. thil bawl d khawh khat ka nei e. Mangpha phot te o. Thangkhokai Haokip Ole nangj0ng mangpha.. Kipa a um e…zouLunneo,f0m paopu.hehehe April 11 at 12:36am · Like.Lunkhel Chal Zomi is the youngest brother of Thangkhokai Haokip..:-) Sonmuan Tunglut some ou us say that Zomi has a recnt beginning. they’re wrong but for their own advantage let me just make one comment. peace lovers are never recorded and remembered in histrory, so all I say is that even uf your all right about its beggining. if it has no history. then now lets make history. we will be the ones who our grand children read about. its our chance to b written in history. Uttaranchal was never written in history till its partition. but bow thry will be. now its our chance. hehe Thangkhokai Haokip@all,A nati0n cann0t surivives and bears sans sense witout political hopes and witout hist0rcal records.(n0 objecti0n to z0) Hencef0rt,In politics ,IDENTITY makes a nati0n.our identity to the world (n0t to 0urself) wil 0nly make us makes a sense and alive to the w0rld and rself.This is my peak crest pin p0int of calling my self as ‘tahchapa kuki’ and opting KUKI,my true n0menclature. U will be ‘KUKIS’ and ‘ll be Called so till u reach heaven(may be hell or paradise).ha3 Thangkhokai Haokip ‎@lunkhel chal, Hahahaha U hit the bush man!hehehe. Thangkhokai Haokip ‎@tg mangn0, Absolutly, U may have full rights,but u will be n0t grantd.ha3 Thangkhokai Haokip @s tunglut. Peace lover are never rec0rdd.Hehe.. Jus 0ne eg, Do u think Gandhi is a war l0ver? Then why,he is the father of the nati0n.is dis is wat u said’n0t rec0rded’.I kn0 ur points,u mean to say dat,z0mis are peace lovers and hence n0t rec0rdd,while kukis are war m0ngers and hence rec0rdd. Kukis hve political histr0y basd 0n their rebelli0ns to the mighty britist wit their ‘thihnang’ ‘pumpi’,saipiling,etc. Y? To safeguard their terit0ry which runs throuh……… Even the zous j0int the rebeli0n,’zogal’ still they are peace lover. u cant be a peace lover if I c0me and destr0y ur house. Hist0ry cant be made,hist0ry are borned. Sonmuan Tunglut do u think during the time time of Gandhi India is at peace????. u born urself history and when it reach 5Yrs show it to me. Sonmuan Tunglut I think all the persons who posted in this column including me should be called Tribal Utopians. hehe. history was borne hehe… Hitler was borne but what he made was history. Huh childish comment.. Lamcha Chongloi Dear bros: history is the written records of the past including Peace and War and let us not debate on silly things, just put down whether you agree with ZOMI thats all. Thangpi Naulak i’ll opt for Zomi not Mizo Thangkhokai Haokip Wit due respct to z0lengthe- @stunglut, ‘peace lovers are never rec0rdd’ Do u think dat ‘time’ is a peace lover???d0 u think ‘time’ and ‘nati0n’ are same.do time hve hist0ry?? H0w dare u c0mpare peace lover and time? If u think u r mature en0ugh,plz let ur c0mments make s0m sense. D0nt judge others by caling them ‘childish’.My age may be half of urs but I hve my 0wn reas0ns and brain in doing wat Has been d0ned.If u dnt undrstand the meaning behind ‘histry are b0rnd’ go ask s0me0ne n do back here. Sonmuan Tunglut I think all of the commentors will feel proud of urself when u make a good hit on someone through Ur comment. if so then. repeat this mantra 5 times before U go to sleep. “think Zomi,speak in Zomi,Eat like Zomi. and drink only Coca~Cola” hehehehe Munglee Paite atung a comment te kasim sim leh SABBATH te ngen toh kisel lah kabang maimah a……ka nuih za phing na e. hagagagagaga Sonmuan Tunglut ken le huai gen ngam ngeilou hi ing a . non gen khe pop a, a gud mahmah veh hehehe Thangkhokai Haokip ‎’I thnk all the pers0ns who postd in this c0lumn….’ Do dis make any sense??? Do u think u r posting here by gving c0ments?? Munglee Paite chi lai2 le, ATS a VIABLE kasak na mah2 1 ahih leh Soo ground rule ah MANIPUR KIPUMKHATNA(INTEGRETY) sukkek louh di chih kha om kha ahih man in. STATEHOOD/HOMELAND ichih chiang a MANIPUR toh kikhen ngai dia…Tu lel a MANIPUR NAGA te dinmun lah i jak2 sa uleh imuh2 sa uh ban ah itheihsa uh hia………. Thangkhokai Haokip I am n0t hitting any 0ne n0r is my intend. I am 0nly giving my views.U c0mpelled me to reply and clarify wat u deservd through ur c0ments,dear bro.dnt feel bad. Munglee Paite ‎@Thangkhokai Haokip aw..Thangkhokailetpu chi a kon sap naziak ahihleh min diklou a minloh na teel zok ziak ahi…tun ah namin a LETPU chih ka behlap mai2 le na lungsim akipak kholkei chih kathei(atung a na comment te a kipan in)..ATM pemah uh ei…ATM pemah uh. TUIBUANG ah SBI brance thak aki hong a ATM le koih uh hileh kilawm…..aaccount hong masa penle nabehpa T.N .HAOKIP hijomahlai….hagagaga Munglee Paite ngaihdam lua…spelling mistake 1 m kha, INTEGRITY chih d hijo…koidih, kenle spoken english kava zil tei deh. he2 Munglee Paite TO WHOME IT MAY CONCERN :Ka min gelhdanlou in honsam hetkei ua…..kencu pona lotel kahi..Mahni hihnalou pi a kisap chih him2…umthei mong2 sih. Munglee Paite ‎1 vei thak,atung a comment te kasim sim leh SABBATH te ngen toh kisel lah kabang maimah a……ka nuih za phing na e. hagagagagaga…comment le tamgop. POST dang ah lut phot mai vai…KALAISAI!!!! Thangkhokai Haokip ATS:To hve separate chief minister,c0uncil of minister,separate administr,separate high court(even the manipur gov stil d0esnt hve). Wats d diff. Wit stateh00ds?? I thnk tis goes in par wit state.Beter direct to demand of zalengam/z0gam. Any sugesti0n?? Thangkhokai Haokip Thangkhokaileetpu and mungleetpu are same.hehehe Tis is jus shwng of dearness. U start first.hmm!! Munglee Paite ATS toh kisai POST a om chiang in kikum maini o??? 2ua iki seelna THUPI penchu COMPILATION OF AN ARTICLE ON “CHIN-KUKI-MIZO-ZOMI PHOBIA” IS ALMOST COMPLETED hiamo Lawm…….lol Lunkhel Chal @ Thangkhokai Haokip: Don’t worry, more and more unknown names will come up in the future as long as Zomi exist..This is how Zomi sprang up: From, Kuki National Assembly (KNA) to Khulmi National Union (KNU) in 1946, Khulmi National Union to Zomi National Congress in 1972 (T Gougin), Zomi National Congress to Zomi National Council (unknown), Zomi National Council to Zo-Reunification Organisation (ZORO) 5 March 1988, ZORO to Zomi Convention again (19-20 May 1988), than with the name Zomi (ZRA) was formed with the objective of setting up Zogam, and recently Zogam was again change to ATS, and day before yesterday YPA was renamed YZA..and the trend will continue forever and ever..hahaha. Pupu Zou Calling somebody with their proper name is highly appreciated. Try to call people as they like…….. the joy of others from your action or words is a blessing for you. Pupu Zou Khel, please check your post again, there is no Zomi National Council, its only Zomi Council (1997 ??????? confirm yourself). And your arrengement is here and there type…… Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Pupu: The absence of any concrete or standard books with isbn tag in it regarding the Zomis forbids me to write the exact date and all the abbreviations about the Zomis correctly. By the way, i tried my best to make it authentic by going through a host of articles but still failed to make it perfect. Sorry, hehe. Nemneivah Haokip after going through the above posts again,i found that zomi was pioneer in the 70s,my parents were born in the 60s so the birth of zomi is later than that of my parents..i can trance my roots as zomi since i was born later in the 80s but where wil i place my parents?do my parents and myself hav different roots? Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Nemneivah: The term Zomi was used officially after 1997 only. So, i don’t think you can trace your roots to it..hehe Nemneivah Haokip thank you so much… Thangpi Naulak Lets conclude this topic he2 http://thangpinowluck.blogspot.com/2011/04/zomi-leh-mizo-chungchang.html Sangthang Singsit let’s not talk about mizo. They will never want to bcom zomi or kuki. U knw, i’m here, my friend does’nt call me even mizo they call me manipur, but, i’m not from manipur. I’m from mizoram. When someone knw while talking to my parent, speak mizo if you are mizo. So, i dont want to b cal mizo…. I’m ashy. Even, this evening at the dinner… What they talk about is, ka lungchang hi thih hem lo tah khat a kisun abang jeng e… Pupu Zou Dear Friends, Now we are all clear about who is who and what is what. Who opted for what and why….. all is well now. My humble request for the next step is that, lets put together the possible measures or remedies for our brotherhood and unification. Mutual Understandings and Future Visions. After that, we will discuss about the Autonomous Tribal State related topics. As for now, lets close this here. Plzzzzzzzzzz! Lets move on. Thangkhokai Haokip Mizo hole chin h0 j0ng z0mi or kuki ahe tin asei in seida jeng u te.state khat cheh anei u ahytan,jadoh u le ja chat a um bep seu e.the0ry is n0t applicable in politics,athu a u nao,thisan khat,sopi ehiu ve ti2 a apha ch0m d a um poi.CHIKIM te etiu j0ng ngahdoh kinchar a pha ahy.tukhang hy n0menclatur a boiphat ahy tapoi.adang gel lou vin Rec0gnisd n0menclture inei u KUKI min in state/ats kidel gang chel leu hen eki hinso diu ahy.kipum khat phat ahitai. kipan loi u te. Ka lawm e… Lunkhel Chal ‎@ Pupu: What about the so call Zogam, When? Within ATS ?? Coz Nagas and Kukis will still be in ATS. Kukis with a demand for Kukiland and Nagas with a different motive. Sonmuan Tunglut let us come to the bottom line. CONCLUDING PART OF NOMENCLATURE PHOBIA DISCUSSION: Dear Friends, Now it is time to lay down the require steps to be taken in order to reach amicable solutions to our discussion. What should be done so that the Zomi Chin Kuki Mizo can work hand in hand under one administrative umbrella? Thangkhokai Haokip In my point of view,the mizo and chin r out of our c0ntext as they ve got stateh00ds. The so kol kukis and the so kol zomis shud/must find for alternative n0menclature other than dat we hve n0w that wil suits both the waring n0memcltur. or beter let’EIMI’ be imposd as our n0mencltur,as every 0ne of us is’eimi’.tis may be meaningles or uns0und, or wat ever it may be. Since we dnt hve n0 opti0n so as to let the two poor people(kuki n z0mi) to w0rk hand in hand! As It is 0bvious the Kukis wil n0t acept ‘zomi’ and vice-versa. Thanks! Lamcha Chongloi In my view, let all the KUKI fanatic specially the THADOU speaking groups understand and digest that they are ZO suan/son (children of ZO) and those of the ZOMI fanatic groups understand and digest that without KUKI the future of our NATION is blur. Thangkhokai Haokip I want the ‘ZOMI CENTRIC’ Particulary the PAITEs c0mments and share their views 0n tis post! Onkholen Haokip Quotes from the book ‘Zalengam’ written by Pu P.S.Haokip, President, KNO, “Political identity & the legacy associated with a person is often not the choice of its people. But it is important to gainfully utilize that political legacy N heritage to reclaim the lost rights of a people. That is why we need to utilize KUKI identity to secure our heritage, which is presently subdued in Manipur N Sagaing Division of Myanmar. Once we secure these, the unifications of Kuki, Chin and Mizo could be under the name ‘Zomi’.” Mang@ nang iti nagel em? Kenvang dih kasa’e…! Paul Samte At last, unity is in hand. Let’s do this guys…. Our unity will be our strongest weapon. If our starting point is flawless then half is already done. Thangkhokai Haokip Pupu, Wats ur views ab0ut PS Haokip’s line?Plz… Lunkhel Chal If the need for a new name other than Kuki arises than why can’t Zomi be accepted?.. I am cent percent ready to accept and embraced Zomi. Incase, a new name like ‘EIMI’ is to be introduce for our common nomenclature because Zomi atleast have little history since its inception, when compared to the yet to be form ‘EIMI’. Likewise, Kuki and Zomi can never ever be compared again. What say?? April 11 at 8:53pm · Like · 1 person. Paul Samte All the Zomi are Kuki, and all the Kuki are Zomi. Like Jesus, Isua, Jesu etc. Sangthang Singsit lets try our best wherever we are, whether we are student, banker, govt emplyes, ngo worker, or social worker, political leader etc that we will go hand in hand to unite first is necesary between our comunity not the name which we will give. If one another in comunity love and care first. It is sure that our topic will come in progress. Zomi-kuki hand in hand coz, we are one. Onkholen Haokip As i hav quoted above, lets first unite as kuki and strengthen it…be it cultural, social, political etc….because the name Kuki is already everywhere. Practically, in this present context, it would be much more easier to do anything in name of Kuki than Zomi. Lets first establishd ourself and thereafter change the name to Zomi. Pupu Zou Onkholen Haokip, PS Haokip thusei hi very logic but tempted kasa. Kuki min a gam i thum uva, i mu phat uleh Zomi min hin man ding ti vang chu chapang ho kisolna toh ki bang kasa bep sel e. If that is gonna happen it would be one of the rare case or the rarest in the world. Do you think that the people who called themselves Kuki would accept that? I cant believe they would, if we are not ready to accept Zomi, can we dream of accepting after things happened with the name Kuki. But, on the other hand i agree that using Kuki for our movement is the way out as it is officially being recognised as our identity in India and International. Even without Kuki, things can happen with the name Tribal, but one doubtful thing that would sprang out at the last moment is that, we would be ask for our future administration. By that time if we cannot stant in one platform, things would be the same as before Onkholen Haokip Pupu@nasei chu adih’e jng katinom dehpoi. It’s the only feasible way out for us. Aluboh hidi inop soh keijeh uva lungboi ihiuve na…. Ole natilou ham? Kagel danin thadou pao thoho titah louva jong paite, simte, gangte, vaiphei, zou, hmar etc sung bon kitoh lou….. tun eimi jousen (non-Naga) India sunga thildang titah louva ‘Zo’ recognition mai2 del jong leuhen kum ijat ham isuhbei diu…hiche masanga chu public consensus a kum tampi lut kit d ahin…it’s a very long term plan…right? E topic discuss uhi asei hahleh e… Pathen in ibol etoh nalam jouse uvah ma ipuijing taohen…..! THANKS Thang’a Hkips Na coment hou chu ahoi thei lheh e. Ibouinao chu kuki/zoumi ahn akhuti le hoitain gel ute kei ho nangho t umlou in ahythei d pen2 chu suport jeng ute, zomi kiti le paite, kuki kiti le thadou hytia egel u le vang khatcha thanup aumpoi. Sided feling kanei jeh vang ahypoi kuki kiti leo hen hythei pen din kaging cha e. Ibouinao hy kalung adong lheh e e p mong2 nada p uham? Kukilang/zogam kimu teng paite ho a chen nao cheng thou2 thadou etc etc ho jng a chen2 naova cheng thou d ahy. Dist/province hung ki hom intin hythou2 nah ta hyche min d pentah a na chuti boui u ham? Gam mu nadia abai pen d nam min eh hyjng le pom ngai ahytai. Thang’a Hkips Kathada pen responsiblity toh leader.. Mi la hyti ki chu2 jeng.. Ha3 Thang’a Hkips Gam nei phot2 u tin ingam sung u va akithat to nom2 kithad to u te, tua mi gam a eiho .. Mi khatbuh a ipan2 jeng u. Pupu Zou I think the only way out in the context of Manipur is in the name of TRIBAL ……….. not with Kuki, not with Zomi, not with Mizo………….. Thangkhokai Haokip Chechu kito napen d vang hile akil0m e..pupu. Neverthless,KNO& UPF hve signed the SoO,tripartite talks in Kuki Identity,H0w abt that?? Pupu Zou To safeguard the integrity of Manipur tia kizihna noija soi kikai chuh, khoilai Kukiland ham i sei sei na lai ding uh. First autonomous, then slowly state (might be). hilou ong? Thang’a Hkips Triberland iki t jeng diu o. Triber min ahy le mohseh a naga ho vangpha kit ahy. SOo chu thupi jng ahypoi anup ule a extent da ule kichai chula.. Kuki deilou jeh a gam mu lou d ahy le nan ho dei2 min sah uvo gam mu nadi ahyphot leh.. Thangkhokai Haokip Direct state vang chu epankh0m theikitlou u toh kimu ding in kenj0ng kahatah sanp0i. but H0p dat we can atleast get UT.and ATS if the kukis/KNO support.

LUNGDAM NA THU.TAANGKO NA

LUNGDAM NA THU TANGKO NA ISAIAH 9:6, Bang hang hiam cih leh eite-a' dingin naungek khat hong suak a, eite' tungah tapa khat hong kipia hi. Amah pen eite hong ukpa hi ding a, ama min pen "Lamdang Thulakpa, Vanglian Pasian, Tawntung Pa, Nopsakna Kumpi," kici ding hi. Lundamna MATTHAI 1:21, Amah in tapa khat hong nei ding a, tua tapa in ama mite a mawhna uh panin honkhia ding ahih manin ama min dingin Jesuh na phuak ding hi," ci-in thu a gen hi. Lungdamna MATTHAI 1:23, "Nungak khat gai-in tapa khat nei ding a, ama min dingin Emmanuel kiphuak ding hi," Ci hi. Emmanuel a khiatna in, eite tawh Pasian omkhawm hi, a cihna ahi hi. LUNGDAM BAWL THUPHA, KUMTHAK THUPHA ,HONG SUAK DING NAUNGEK JESUH HONG HEHPIHNA THUPHA, LEITUNG THUPHA LE VANGTUNG THUPHA TE NANG TUNG A BUKIM IN HONG TUNGTA HEN...AMEN

THE GENERIC NAME “ZO”

CHAPTER I Introduction to Zo People THE GENERIC NAME “ZO” The term Zo or Jo was mentioned as the name of a people in a few historical publications of the Indo-Burman peoples. Fan- ch’o” a diplomat of the Tang dynasty of China, mentioned in 862 A.D. a kingdom in the Chindwin valley, whose princes and chiefs were called “Zo”. In 1783 Father Sangermo’’ mentioned “the petty nation called JO.- G. A. Grierson” recorded in 1904 “The name is not used by the tribes themselves, who used titles such as ZO or YO or SHO.” However, because of the Zo people’ frequent contacts with many different people at their borders the available literature is often confused about which people should be designated as ZO or other names. When the British took possession of Bengal and had their contact with Zo people, the Bengalis told them that the Zo were Kuki, a Bengali word which means something like savage or wild hill people. But when the British came in close contact with the Lusei, they realized that they did not call themselves Kuki. Initially the British used the term “Loosye”. However, the British later adopted “LUSHAl” as the official designation for Zo people living in the western part of the Zo country, as the ruling clans of these people were known to them as “Lushai”. There were a few British officers who tried to understand the people they were dealing with: outstanding among whom was Tom Lewin, who said; “The generic name of the whole nation is “DZO” When the British annexed Assam and Manipur they came in contact with the Hmars, whom to the British were no doubt related ethnologically to the Lusei, but who were not exactly Lusei. Hmar is a Lusei word for north, and the Hmar people were so named because they lived north of the Lusei. Hmar people had come to Manipur and Tripura sometime during the 1600s and they were called Kuki by their neighbours. By about 1850 the Thado or Khuangsai started to appear in Cachar and Manipur:2 and the British adopted Kuki for the Hmars and “New Kuki” for the Thado. Under the heading “New Kuki” were included all Paite. When in 1825 the British invaded Arakan and the Southern Zo country they gave the Sho the name Khyang. Khyang is the Arakanese name for Zo and is an old Burmese word for Chin. When the British came in contact with people of the hill areas west of Kale valley, Chin was adopted from Burmese. “Plains Chin” was the name given to the Asho, because they were found in the plains of Arakan and Burma. Thus the British knew the Zo people as Lushai, Kuki. New Kuki. Kh1ang, Chin, and Plains Chin. Lusei and related clans which settled in the Lushai Hills (Mizoram) called themselves Mizo from time immemorial; Mizo meaning Zo people. Lusei designates only people who were ruled by Sailo chiefs. and Mize, now covers all ethnic Zo people. Languages change naturally and unavoidably as people separate from one another and come in contact with others. We can never be exactly sure of the original name for “Zo” people. Today the people call themselves Zo, Mizo, Cho, Sho, Khxou, Asho, Chaw, Yaw, and Masho; which are similar sounding and which are all equally uncorrupt in their respective Zo dialects. Zo people find it very difficult to accept a name other than the one they call themselves. The Lusei and related clans who were absorbed under the Sailo chiefs accepted Mizo as their designation, and the name of the former Lushai Hills District was changed to Mizo District at India’s independence. The Indian government did not like Mizoram, because they feared that ram (land) would mean ownership of the land. Only at the creation of the Union Territory did India accept the name Mizoram. The term Mizo covers all Zo people, as does Zomi and Laimi, according to their respective users. Zomi is a designation used by the Paite, a people whose men wore a hair knot at the back of their head. Laimi is used by the Lais in Haka areas, in Falam and in parts of Matupi. For the Lais to accept Zo as a name is especially difficult, because they call their southern neighbours Zo; a people they regard as uncultured and uncivilized. Zo students in Rangoon seem to accept Zomi as the common name, __________________ Zo people often call themselves ThIangmi. Khalangmi or Khangmi. meaning I Hillmen. The word Khlang or Khang should not be confused with Khyang.3 and they produce the “Zomi Students Magazine” for students who are Asho, Sho, Lai, Paite and Lusei. Mizo is accepted by all in Mizoram and other adjoining destricts, including the Lusei in the Kale-Kabaw valleys. There are some Zo people who believe that Chin could be the designation for all Zo people. For example, the Paite National Council (PNC) of Lamka (Churachanpur) in Manipur has specu-lated that the name “Chin” originated with the Chin Dynasty of China. In a letter to the Prime Minister of India in 1963, the PNC suggested that Chin people be unified into one territory. The PNC cited the Linguistic Survey of India by G. A. Grierson27 and said; “The word ‘Chin’ is supposed by authorities to be a corruption of the word ‘Jen’ or ‘Man’.” The PNC chose “Chin” because under “Chin, as a genus, come all Kuki tribes; whereas Kuki as a species is a subgroup of Chin, or in other words, Kuki is another grouping system excluding some tribes under Chin. Hence Chin is a wider denotation and Kuki a narrower denotation.” However, T. Gougin²4, also from Lamka, insists in his book, “The Discovery of Zoland” that Zomi is the right designation for Zo people. Mi means people, and Zomi is the right sequence of syllables, in contrast to Mizo. Hrangnawl, a former parliamentarian from Haka, believed the word Chin, Ciin or Tsin was the original name of the Zo people, and he suggested that it originated in China. His suggestion is based on the fact that there are many places in Zo country which have “Ciin”, “Tsin” or “Chin” as names— such as Ciinmuai, Chintlang or Tsinkhua. Hrangnawl has also suggested that “Chin” could have come from Ciinlung, Chhinlung or Tsinlung, the cave or rock from whence according to legend the Zo people emerged into this world as humans. Many Zo people however cannot accept the name Chin, because they have never called themselves by that name, and, moreover, they know that the name Chin was officially used only after British annexation. As mentioned earlier, the British adopted it from the Burmans. It appears that the Burmans called the Zo people Chin from their very early contacts in the eleventh or twelfth century A.D. When the Burmans moved down the Irrawaddy River and came to the Chindwin they discovered a basket carrying people occupying the river valley. Hence they called the river “Chindwin”, meaning4 “the valley of the baskets” as “chin” means basket in Burmese. The general Burmese population accept “chin” to be a word for basket, and they explain that the Zo people were so called because of their habit of carrying baskets. B. Lalthangliana’ of Mandalay University. Department of Burmese History, agrees with this explanation. Professors G.H.Luce and F.K. Lehman”. authorities on Zo history and anthropology, speculate from the way “Chin” was spelled on Burmese inscriptions that “Chin” can mean ally or friend. They base their interpretation on the assumption that Zo and Burman peoples were not hostile to one another at the time of the Burmese inscriptions. But the inscriptions also reveal controversial slave trading along the Chindwin River. This could mean that there were, in fact, hostilities between the inhabitants of the Chindwin valley and the Burmans. Thus “Chin”. meaning ally or friend, is the modern political interpretation, and “Chin”, meaning basket, is the Burmese tradition. Zo people do not accept the interpretation of Chin meaning ally or friend. When the 1950 Burmese encyclopedia defined Chin as “ally”, Tunaung, an MP from Mindat, protested in the Burmese Parliament and accused the Burman of politicizing the name. Haugo, the first Zo in East Zoram to receive an M.A. degree and a lecturer at Mandalay University wrote: “Whatever it meant or means, however it originated and why, the obvious fact is that the appellation ‘Chin’ is altogether foreign to us, it has been externally applied to us. We respond to it out of necessity but we never appropriate it and never accept it and never use it to refer to ourselves. It is not only foreign but also derogatory, for it has become more or less synonymous with being uncivilized, uncul-tured, backward, even foolish and silly. And when we consider such name calling applied to our people as Chinboke’ Winking Chin) we cannot but interpret it as a direct and flagrant insult, and the fact that we have some rotten fiends is no consolation.” Zo people have many variants of the same name to choose from. The varieties are : 1. The people in Tedim, Lamka, Falam, Mizoram, South Haka and part of Matupi call themselves “Zo”-for instance Zomi, Yo. Zo, Mizo, Zotung, Laizo, Zokhua. 2. In south Falam and north Haka areas, people call them-5 selves Lai They deny that they are any kind of Zo at all, and have reserved the term for southern Haka (division). The Haka regarded these people as relatively uncultured and uncultivated. But the Haka or Lai call their own country “Zo country” in prayers at major feasts of merit. According to Lehman; “This is a typical instance of the somewhat arrogant social posture of the Haka people, for which they got the name Hal Kha (bitter demand) . . . Haka are, regionally considered, Lai (central), and for them the term ‘Zo’ means only Chins as a whole, at one level, or their own subordinates to the south, as another level of reference.” Laimi means “our own people” or ..our own Haka people”. In Zo language lai means centre. and the Lai people believe that they are. or were, superior to all other Zo people because of their position at the center of the universe.” 3. In southern Zo country (Mindat. Matupi) people call themselves She or Khxou, depending on whether they live in the drainage of Yaw Chaung, in the vicinity of Mindat, or in the drainage of the Hlet Long stream. To the east of Lemro, Sho call themselves M’kang and at Matupi, Ngala. In the region between Mindat and M’kang country Sho or Khxou stands for the people as a whole, and local people call themselves N’men” 4. In Paletwa people call themselves “Khumi” or “Khaki”. However Khumi or Khami means village people and it is not a clan name. 5. The name “Mru” in Arakanese comes from the word “Macho” which, when written in Arakanese, becomes Mru. 6. Zo people living on the plains of Burma, in Arakan, in the south west Chin State. and in the Chittagong Hills are called “Khyang” in literature, but call themselves “Asho”. 7. In the Yaw area, people call themselves” Zou’. which is written by the Burmese as “Yaw”. 29 There are intellectuals who translate Zo as “Highlanders”. They automatically conclude that the people call themselves ‘Zo’ or ‘Highlanders’ because they live in the highlands. This is simply absurd because they called themselves “ZO” when they lived in6 the plains of the Chindwin Valley. Zo might mean highland but never highlanders. Another translation of Zo as “uncultured or uncivilized- comes from the Haka’s bawiphun or royalty, who regard their southern Zo neighbours as uncultured and uncivilized. To translate Zo as “uncultured or uncivilized” because of Haka attitudes towards their neighbours is misleading and cannot be taken seriously. A people will never adopt or care fora name used to degrade them. The actual translation of zo in the Zo common language may be termed as follows : Zo people divide a mountainous region into two climatic zones. The higher part of the region is characterized by cold, wet, and damp climatic conditions, which have geographi-cal natures of ever-green. forests. where potatoes, maize, and sulfur hears may be grown. These areas are covered with rain clouds in the monsoon rainy season. The sun is rarely to be seen. Such a place or area is denoted by the term ‘Zo’ in distinction from the ‘shim or chhim’. which is generally lower in elevation and with a warmer and drier climate, where bamboo thrives and hillside rice nay be grown. The generic name “Zo’ has no relation with the geographical-climatic term “zo”. Zo people have a tradition of naming their clans.after the head of each clan. Hualngo are descendents of a man named Hualngo, and the Zahau. Kamhau and other Zo clans each carry the name of their founder. It must have been the same with Zo. Zo or a very similar sounding name must have been the name of the Zos’ originator. The “Genealogy of (Chin) Race- by Khupzathang shares in this interpretation and postulates a man named ‘Zo’ as the founder of the Zo people. (See Table 1) The author chooses Zo as the designation of all Zo people, because it appears to him that Zo is the most widely used name, whether it be Zo, Yo, Jo, Cho, Sho. Khxou. or Yaw. The author does not insist that “Zo” is the proper or right designation. However, he believes that names such as Kuki and Chin which originated as abuse names should not be adopted as designation of a people. Such names could hinder understanding between the abuser and the abused. It will be in the interest of all Zo people to be known by a common name most possibly Zo.7 ZO SOCIETY Zo Kipmang Ciinhil Nawphut Leimang Nawsong Phusong uangkop Songthu Ngaite Sungmang Hanem Songkip Songza Zahong Zaniang Zakhai Zamang Hualthan Hualnam Tohin Suantak Seaktak Tawtak Table 1. Genealogy of Zo people after Khupzathang 36 Zo Population There are currently about two and a half million Zo people. About half of them live in the Indian part of Zo country (Zoram), half a million are in the western part of Zoram (Mizoram), 180.000 in Manipur, 50.000 in Tripura, and some scattered in Nagaland, Cachar and the state of Meghalaya. In Burma 400,000 live in the eastern part of Zo country—East Zoram or the Chin State, 300,000 in the plains of Burma, 50,000 in the Sonya Tracts and the Hkamti or Naga District, about 150.000 in the Kale-Kabaw-Myittha valleys. and about 40,000 in the state of Arakan. In Bangladesh. about 50,000 Zo occupy hilly regions between the Sangut and the Karnaphuli Rivers. The Zo people occupy a contiguous region of about 60,000 square miles not counting Asho settlements in lower Burma and Masho settlements in Arakan. Zo Society Lack of communication, tribal wars, and lack of arable land in the country they adopted as their home caused Zo people to lose their racial harmony. As they grew in size quarrels erupted8 between groups, and even relatives were separated and driven to different regions. As a result of these kinds of forces the Zo gradually developed differences in their political, cultural, and religious systems. The Political System hundred people, constituted a village. Heterogeneous society was seldom found in early stages of Zo migration to the hills but developed in later stages of history. A village was an independent unit, claiming land about seven miles or eleven kilometers in radius for its cultivation. Zo people shifted their fields frequently due to rapid erosion of the soil, and settlements were frequently moved from one place to another. The people in central Zo country were less migratory than those in northern and southern regions. The southern people shifted their villages in a circular or repeating pattern, whereas in northern areas people moved farther and farther north and west. Each village had its own government, and a chief or a headman functioned as administrator for the village. Generally the duty and power of the chief or village headman was similar among all Zo. Hereditary chieftainships were common in the northern part of the country, whereas in the southern part a headman or a village leader ruled the village. In some instances chiefs ruled over several villages. The chief or headman had political and judicial powers, he controlled to varying degrees the daily lives of the people. Land division, disposal, sequestration, and redistribution within the village boundary were his responsibilities. In northern Zo country the village headman collected taxes and dues for the chief. In southern Zo country, where no chief (Maru) arose, the headman or village leader lent his name to the village.” The village headman was usually assisted by his councillors, the number of which was determined by the number of village houses. The chief usually owned the land or, as Stevenson put it, “the chief is the Lord of the Soil.” However there were chiefs who did not completely own the land. In the Sizang area the chief and commoners each owned their own fields, which were handed down over generations from father to son. Chieftainship was9 hereditary. From clan to clan the custom differed as to whether the youngest or eldest son inherited the office of the father. In most cases however, the youngest son inherited the chieftainship. It was next to impossible for a daughter to inherit the office of the father. The inheritance of property among common people followed the chiefs” examples. If a man had more than one wife the children of the first wife were heirs to the property of the father. The sons of chiefs who would not inherit a chieftainship could fend for themselves and often led or were sent to take their followers to found new villages. As “The chief was Lord of the Soil”, the chief received a certain tax from all products of that soil. He also received a “flesh tax”, usually a hind leg of a four-legged wild animal killed by the villagers. A salt tax was also paid in areas where there was salt production. The villages also built the chief’s house complete with a defensive wall and, in time of war, it served as a village refuge and fort. Some chiefs conquered neighbouring peoples and typically sent their sons to rule over conquered villages. In some cases chiefs recognized the chieftainships of conquered people, as long as an alliance or tribute fee was paid. At the time the British conquered the Zo people Falam had developed itself into the most powerful of chieftainships in Zo country. They had done this through development of a political organization comparable to democratic types of government found in the western world. Each Falam chief was aided by a council of elders, although they were not necessarily of aristocratic origins and could even be from among the slaves or conquered people. In waging war the Falam never fought alone but invited their allies to fight with them. They formed alliances with the Shan Sawbwa of Kale, as a result of which the Falam became the traders of the Zo, supplying salt to even the most remote regions of the country. They also knew how to exploit their subjects. When they subdued the Zanniat rebels, they made the Zanniats carry trade goods from the plains without payment. The Falam people integrated all people and treated all peoples equally and without prejudice. Thus the Falam were not only Powerful but enjoyed the trust of most of the Zo people from the10 Lushai Hills to the Burmese border. They might one day have united all Zo people under their domain, had not the British appeared on the scene. Even today the Falam are not clannish; any newcomer to Falam is accepted as one of them, so that the town of Falam is the most pleasant in the whole Zo area. There were other common bonds beside those of the chieftainship practice in Zo society. In the central part of the country, where individuals owned land, the people practiced some form of capitalism, but the overall Zo social structure was communal (communism). The communist theoreticians Karl Marx, 1. Lenin, and Maotse Tung desired human equality and assumed they could move human beings from greed to generosity. In western and other so called civilized countries this has proved a failure. But the Zo people have always practiced a form of socialism within thee’ communities. This form of socialism is called Tlawmn-gaihna in the Lusei dialect, which means “love of less”. Samuelson explained Tlawmngaihna; “Tlawmngaihna implies the capacity for hard work, bravery, endurance, generosity, kindness, and selflessness. The forefathers emphasized this value of action to their progeny. In days of both happiness and misfortune, the concept of Tlawmngaihna was a stabilizing force.” “If a person grew sick or died in a village other than his own, the youth of that village would carry the dead body or sick person back to his own village. When the Mizo people traveled in a group, the youngest man’s duty would be to obtain firewood to cook food for the rest of the company. If an older man’s basket became too heavy a younger man would help relieve the load. Later on, the elders would honour the man who had the greatest Tlawmngaihna by letting him drink rice beer first in the get together.” “...this ... code of morals made it obligatory for every Mizo to be courteous, considerate, unselfish, courageous, industrious and willing to help others, even at considerable inconvenience to oneself. When everybody was hungry, a man would eat very little, leaving the bigger portion of food for friends. . walking one whole day over rough terrain in order to give important news ... a man risks his life to save his friends.. These are all Tlawmngaihna or ‘to need less’. It might be called “self denial and acceptance of pain”. In a village community, the building of one’s house is the responsibility of all, and only basic material11 needs to be collected by the owner. The villagers will build a widow’s house from scratch. The field of a sick person is attended by all the villagers. When a hunter brings home a big four-legged animal the whole village shares the meat, and all the villagers are automatically invited when there is a wedding. The whole village goes into mourning for a dead person.” Culture and Custom Village sites were chosen with an eye to both defensive position and available water. A preferable site was high on a ridge so that it was easily defensible, but these places were difficult for the women who had to carry water from streams below. The Zo who most often migrated— the Lusei, Thado, Hualngo and villagers in southern Zo country-built their villagers on tops of ridges. Most villages in the central part of the country were situated on slopes where it was easily defensible and where stream water could also be brought to the village using bamboo or wooden flumes. The same pattern of village sites are found in Zo country today, although villages are no longer threatened by wars. There is no village planning. Houses are built on plots which are more level than the surroundings. A yard in front of the house is sought, but the village layout is no one’s concern. One of the characteristics of a Zo village is a khan or lungdawn. a memorial stone in memory of a powerful man. Usually situated on higher ground than the village houses, an evergreen Bayan tree is planted to give shade to the place. Memorial slabs are decorated withdrawings of animals that the man killed in his time, and wooden carvings of men and women are erected there as well. These places serve as a meeting ground, or as a dancing arena during ceremonies, and as a place of offerings to the spirits. The skulls of animals killed during feasts for the dead are hung at (fie khan. in belief that these animals will accompany the dead to his new world. Any man can erect such a monument for himself or for any important relative, and a village can have several khan. Traditional Zo houses are generally substantial constructions. Rectangular in shape, Zo houses are usually constructed on a slope, and often earth has to be moved to obtain enough flat ground for a fireplace and working space in front of the house. Animals are kept beneath the house, so that part also has to be12 flattened. Half of the house has an earthen floor, and the other half has flooring of planks or split bamboo. This type of house is common among those who are less migratory. For those who move often, one side of the house might be only a few inches above ground, with the opposite side quite high. Migrants seldom move earth. A house is generally divided into a living room (inner room) and a work room. Hunting trophies. the skulls of animals shot by the family, are shown on the dividing wall between the two rooms. In the living room are the fireplace, the master’s bed, the children’s bed, and anything that has value to the family. The master bed is next to the fireplace and is also used as a bench to sit near the fire for warmth. As the house has no windows the inside is almost always dark. The work room of the house is in the front, where firewood and grain pounding equipment are kept. Most domestic work is done in this part of the house, which is more of a verandah than a room, as it is open at the front. Life revolves around the verandah during warmer days of the year. In front of the house is the deck or platform, the doltial. The size of the platform can indicate the wealth of the owners and is usually made of teak wood d planks. The doltial usually measures about twelve by four yards. Rich people have two such doltials joining each other, and at one end are two planks twelve yards lung and a yard wide. The long planks are laid about a foot higher than the main platform and serve as a comfortable sitting platform. Staple foods for central Zo people are maize, millet, sulphur beans, beans, peas, sweet potatoes, pumpkins, melons and other crops that grow in colder regions. These crops can be grown in the zo area with it’s cold and high altitude. In sins or chhim areas (hotter climate) of Zo country, and along deep river and stream valleys, rice is the staple food. Meat is scarce as is sugar and milk. Honey is obtained only in small quantities. Because of these shortages the people often suffer from vitamin deficiency, and they are often simply hungry for meat and zu (rice, corn or millet beer). Zo culture is very much connected with zu: although some western writers have suggested that Zo culture is a mithun culture. A mithun. a grass eating animal, is the most important domestic animal, and the wealth of a man is judged by the numbers of his mithun. But if Zo culture should be symbolized by anything it should be zu. Zu represents one of the main13 characteristics of the Zo people, and zu is more than just rice beer, as has been suggested by some Western writers. Zo people hold feasts on occasions of happiness or grief. Successful hunts of small animals, or a visit by a distant relative would be celebrated with a feast. A mithun, a pig or a cow would be slaughtered, and several pots of zu would be consumed. A man is very proud when he kills a tiger, an elephant, or a vulture, and such occasions are times of great celebration. Killing an elephant is to achieve man’s maximum masculinity. Among birds the hornbill is the most highly prized, and the killing of it would be celebrated with a sa-ai ceremony which raises a man’s social status. The Zo celebrate many other kinds of feasts as well. Wedding feasts take at least two days (varying among different clans)—one celebration at the bride’s home and another the next day a( the groom’s. A rich harvest of grain (over one hundred baskets) would also be celebrated with a feast. It a person believes he is wealthy, a khuangcawi or tong ceremony is performed. Other traditional ceremonies vary from clan to clan. A rare but important ceremony with great feasting was the rat ai or gal ai. when a man had killed an enemy and decided to celebrate his triumph. This was revived during the Second World War, when Zo soldiers were killed in action. The relatives of the deceased sought revenge by killing enemy soldiers. As it was dangerous to perform the ral ai during the war, heads of the enemy were kept in utmost secrecy, and a rod ai ceremony was performed after the war. Thus. when a man performed the ral ai. he performed it more often in grief than in happiness. The most frequent celebration is the feast of grief. The death of a person is followed by a great feast in remembrance of the dead person. The rich may slaughter several animals, but the poor become much poorer. because they too want to send their loved ones on the way with at least one animal. The animal meat is eaten at the home of the dead, and the remains arc distributed to relatives. (ln Sizang area the “wife-giver” receives the neck portion of the animal, a substantial amount.) For all these feasts mithun, cattle, pigs and other animals, depending on the wealth of the poeple are slaughtered, and a great amount of zu is consumed. This might seem like a waste. but in reality it is the heart of Zo civilization.14 Those who celebrated khuangcawi. tong, sa-ai. or ral-ai, and all others who achieved something in life composed songs telling of their past, their success in war, the capture of slaves, and the loss of their loved ones. These songs recorded personal as well as community history. Songs recorded the poor and rich, the loss of sons, daughters, brothers and sisters, and great hunts. The songs were sung during feasts and were handed down from one generation to the next. For a people who have no writing, the recording of history has been possible only because these songs were sung repeatedly. Still it is amazing that songs of twenty generations ago, such as “The Song of Pu Songthu”, are still remembered. Songs are sung not only during feasts, but whenever there is a gathering. At the death of a child, the mother, the aunts, or the sisters recite. step by step, the child’s life story. Likewise, kneeling beside the deathbed village women recall in song, composed at the instant, the story of the death as they saw it. When a boy falls in love he sings a song expressing his feelings to the girl, and the girl replies with a song. When chiefs or village elders are to decide a matter of war and peace, they would rather compose a song than explain details to the village council. Throughout Zo history marriage customs seem to have been uniform, with bride prices and “wife-givers” and “wife-takers” characteristic of the Zo people. Different prices are asked for different brides, with social status and physical perfection deter-mining price. Past relationships between the two clans involved can also play a role in determining price. Sometimes the bride price can be only symbolic, which means the expenses of the wedding ceremony are counted as the bride price. If a poor boy is not in a position to pay, he may be allowed to pay later, or a boy can escape paying the bride price if he elopes with the girl, or if he simply moves into the house of the girl and waits until the girl is ready to marry him. Social customs relating to marriage are important, such as “wifetaker” and “wife-giver” relationships. When a boy is eligible for marriage, and if he does not have a girl friend. his parents or relatives will look for a bride for him. In choosing the bride priority is given to girls from the clan of the boy’s mother. Usually the daughters of the mother’s brother are the first considered. If an eligible girl is available from the mother’s clan the parents or relatives send an ambassador to the girl’s parents15 to ask for her hand. The ambassador’s job is a very delicate one, and he has to present his mission with traditional manners. He also has to offer a pot of zu or a cock (different for different clans). The return of these gifts, which might be in a week or so, means that the proposal has been rejected. There is no reproach for being rejected. If the gift is not returned. then the ambassador and the girl’s parents negotiate the bride price, and arrangements are made for the wedding. The girl’s parents can decide the size of the animal to be slaughtered at their house and also the amount of zu to be made available. After all these are agreed upon, the marriage ceremony is performed. Thus. the mother’s clan is the “wife-giver” and the clan of the son is the “wife-taker”. If a boy marries a girl from a different clan than his mother’s, his sons can still marry girls from their mother’s and grandmother’s clan, thus continuing the “wifegiver” “wife-taker” system. It is regarded as distasteful to marry a paternal aunt’s daughter, because a man (extended to his children) has social obligations to his in-laws, and the marrying of a daughter of a paternal aunt makes the social relationship impossible. The social obligations arc exercised during ceremonies and in times of grief. A man and his children take care of work related to ceremonies; i.e., slaughtering animals, and the preparation of food and Du. It is the man’s duty to please his in-laws, or in other words the “wife- taker” has the duty to please his “wife-giver”. However, the “wife-giver” is not superior to the “wife-taker”. It is merely tradition, and the “wife-giver” can not make demands upon the service of the “wife-taker”. The “wife-taker” simply feels an obligation to please, respect, and be thankful to the “wife-giver”. A quarrel between in-laws is regarded as most distasteful. Marriage is uncommon between tribes, and unheard of with other races, foreigners, or slaves. Illegal cohabitation would be such a disgrace to a family that they would be cast out from their community. It is paramount to keep clan or family pure. Once married to a different tribe, descendents can never become pure again. Even today in some parts of Zo country the purity of the girl’s parents is considered ahead of all qualities of the girl. Zawlbuk is the word used to describe the custom of bachelors staying overnight at a designated house, and it is an important social feature of Zo life. The Lusei call the house a zawlbuk or bachelor shelter. which usually is built in the center of the village. It is used especially by bachelors as their common sleeping16 house. The Paite people. do not have zawlbuk, but the bachelors sleep in the house of the thiampui or high priest. They call it sawm. The Pawi (Haka and Falam people) will sleep in the house of a beautiful girl. When a boy is in love, he will ask his friends to sleep with him in the house of his girl friend. The bachelors use these house to spend their leisure time. It is a place for learning the trade of hunting, warfare and the like; even how to court girls. Religion Zo believe in a supreme God or pathiau. God is good. He gives health, richness, children and other human wishes. God is never cruel and never hurts people. Therefore Zo people never sacrifice or offer anything to appease God. Zo people fear spirits or devils who are under the rule of the king of spirits. The spirits (dawi. huai. khuazing) live on earth, below the earth, in the sky, in springs, trees, caves, mountains, streams, houses, and even in the human body. There are some places which are agreed upon as strongholds of the spirits. They are Rih Li (a lake) in Falam district, Mt. Victoria or Arterawttlang in the Kanpetlet area, Paha, a great limestone cave near Tuingo, Nattaga— the door of the spirits according to the Burman, a stream in Tedim area, and others. Each village has a certain location where people believe spirits reside. Spirits are either like human beings, are small people with only one leg, or are giants that stride across the peaks of the hills. The spirits have immense strength and power, can transform themselves into anything, but most commonly take the form of snakes. The spirits bring sickness and misery unless treated with due respect. Rituals have to be performed and sacrifices made so as to appease the spirits. Moving to a new village, to a new house, or cultivating a field requires the blessing of the spirits. Sickness is a punishment by the spirits who are unhappy with a person or family. Offerings are performed by priests. An animal, such as a red cock, a sucking pig, a dog, or a mithun. the type of which depends on the seriousness of the illness, is slaughtered for the offering. The meat offered to the spirit is only a small portion of the animal: i.e., the liver, the head or the legs. and is combined with one or two cups of zu. The remainder of the meat and zu are consumed by the family and the priest.17 In some cases the priest fights against the spirit. Sickness is caused by a spirit who enters the body or by the spirit being caught in the soul of the body. In such cases the thiampui, the high priest, riches a verse composed to drive away the spirits. These verses are handed down from one generation to another. The sick person’s body is then painted with pungent-smelling spices. The spirit, who is believed to dislike the smell of spice, then leaves the body. In other cases a sick person has to drink fresh dog’s blood, over which a sorcerer has chanted. to drive away the spirits. Epidemics and plague are caused by invasions of angry spirits, who roam the country at night searching for victims. People make mud pellets and shoot them with bows at the entrances of houses through the whole night, to bar entry of the spirits. People also fight spirits with arms. A woman in Buanman village said that she was snatched by a local spirit who lived in a cave near the village. She said the spirit wanted to marry her. She often disappeared from home or work, and she said her spirit lover usually came to her in the form of a snake and, wrapping itself around her legs, flew her off to the cave. Her lover offered her a lotion which would transform her into the same kind of spirit, but she refused repeatedly. The villagers soon became angered and went to the hill opposite the cave, from where they shot missiles from their weapons into the cave. When they entered the cave, they found seven dead snakes. The woman, who was in the cave at the time of the attack, said that her spirit lover was killed as well. After that she was abducted no more. Zo people believe in life after death, although it is said that a person can be reborn only if death is violent and instantaneous. The dead live forever as ghosts and keep their social status. Zo also believe that a person can be born again as another human being. One such tale is of a body who was born with a scar. When the baby. named Thangngin, could speak it told a story of being hurt by somebody and talked of things a child could not know. Thangngin, who was later a Christian pastor, was embarrassed because he could not reconcile his position as a pastor and his experiences as a reborn person. He told his story very reluctantly He did not remember many of his experiences, because his parents objected and they had had the priest recite a sorcery verse to make Thangngin forget his past.18 Thangngin was a young man at the time of a Falam attack on Khuasak during the 1840s. When the Falam occupied a part of the. Khuasak village, he saw the Falam searching for survivors. To esca-pe being captured he hid himself in the attic of a house, on the shelves used to hang cobs of corn. A Falam warrior with a spear found him. The warrior shouting. “I am the son of my father.” pier-ced Thangngin’s breast with his spear. Thangngin said that he felt very warm and fell asleep immediately. When he awoke he saw a headless corpse lying beside him. On inspection of the corpse he found that the body was his. lie felt the body and settled down among other people. Fie could not recall how long he lived with these people. On one hunting day they caught a bear. On their way home, as they carried the bear, he realized that he was with strange people. Some were carrying the bear, and others were on top of the hear eating the meat. To think over the strange behaviour of these people, he went to a nearby hill and watched from a distance. From there he saw that his companions were ants, and that they were carrying a black caterpillar. When he returned to his friends they were, like him, all human. Realizing that he was an ant, his wish was to be reborn as human. To be reborn he needed to enter the body of a woman. However whenever he approached a woman he was repulsed immediately. How, he did not remember, but one day he became a bee. Being a bee and trying to reach a woman was much more difficult than being an ant, because as soon as he approached a woman, she would drive him away. Then, one day, he became a plea. After becoming a flea, lie was successful in getting into the clothes of a woman. He could not recall how he came into the body of the woman, his mother. When Thangngin was born, he had a scar on his breast and he was said to have told his story as soon as he could speak. Another story is told of a boy with a forehead scar who was born in Khuasak village in the late 1940s. As soon as the boy could recognize people, he was afraid of a certain man, Ngalphuakpa. After the boy could walk he cried and hid himself behind objects whenever Nagalphuakpa came for a visit. He also threw himself flat on the ground whenever a gun was fired. When the child could speak, he related that he had been a Japanese soldier who lived in the forest after Japanese troops left the area. The villagers had hunted down the lone Japanese soldier, and it was19 Ngalphuakpa who had shot the soldier, hitting him in the forehead. Also in this case, the parents suppressed the child from telling his stories. Zo Language The Zo language is grouped with Tibeto-Burman languages. and Zo people who study English and Burmese in school find Burmese to be the easier language to learn, even though they may already know Roman script. A student in Manipur found the Meitei language easy to learn because it is similar gramatically and in vocabulary to the Zo language. In West Zoram (Mizoram) students find Hindi as difficult as English, because English and Hindi are Aryan languages and they have little affinity to the Zo language. The Zo people are not multi-lingual as characterized in literature, especially in Burma. Zo people have indeed diverse dialects, many of which are not easily intelligible to those using other dialects. The worst example perhaps is between dialects of the southernmost Zo and the northernmost Zo. Professor Gordon Luce” analyzed 700 words of Zo language common to at least three Zo dialects. From these 700 words 230 words are common in all dialects of the Zo people. From the northernmost Zo, the Thado-Khuangsai in the Naga Hills (Somra Tract). to the southernmost Zo. the Asho in the Sandoway-Thayetmyo area, the use of words common to the 700 word base are as follows : Thado-Khuangsai 554 words Tedim 191 Hualngo (Lusei) 631 Khualsim (Falam) 627 Haka 573 Asho 383 Khumi 381 From this table it is possible to divide Zo people into two linguistic groups, the northern group with more than 500 common words and the southern group with less than 500 common words. The dialects of the northern group, though differing in some words. are intelligible between groups if the people are patient.20 The southern Zo dialects are similar to the northern dialects, but differences lie in the words that are borrowed from the Burman and the Arakanese, with whom the Asho, Khumi and the Masho had been in contact for centuries. Comparing the Lusei and the Haka, or Falam dialects, one finds many words borrowed from Burman in the Haka and Falam dialects, whereas the Lusei borrowed many words from Indian or English languages. For example: as there was no word for “school” in the Zo language, it has been borrowed from English and Burmese. Thus school is called sikul by the Lusei, whereas it is saang for the Paite of Tedim. The Paite of Manipur say sikul. the Falam say tlawng, and the Haka say siang, Saang, tlawng and siang originated from the Burmese kyaung. In East Zoram there has been no common language, and Zo political leaders have not touched the subject as it has been a very delicate matter. On one hand no representative has wanted to ;cc other than his own dialect being claimed as the common language. On the other hand. Zo leaders have feared possible repercussions front the Burmese government if they put too much emphasis on a common Zo language. It would be contradic-tory to the Burmese government’s policy of completely abolishing the teaching of Zo language in schools in the “Chin State”. Just after independence the Zo language was taught in primary school up to the fourth standard. The Revolutionary Government of General Ne Win reduced it to the elementary grades, after which Zo language was allowed to be taught up to the second standard only. At present no Zo language is taught in the schools. Thus the question of a Zo common language in East Zoram was ended by the Burmese government. Of all Zo dialects, the Lusei or Duhlian dialect is the most widely spoken. It is the common language in West Zoram, and it is spoken by almost all Zo people in Manipur and the Chittagong Hill Tracts. The Hualngo and Lusei dialects are the same. It was said the Saito chief Lallula encouraged use of the Duhlian dialect by all his subjects, and since then it has been used successfully as a common language by the Lusei. Today more than half of the Zo people use the Lusei dialect. Haka or Lai, Falam or Laizo, and Tedim or Pailite dialects arc very similar to the Lusei dialect—so much so that in conversing each group uses its own dialect. The best example is seen in Tahan where all Zo tribes21 live together as neighbours. Therefore, if there should be a common language for the Zo people, the Lusei dialect is the ultimate choice. The following Table shows how Zo dialects differ from one another, and for comparison, from Meitei and Burmese. English Meitei Lusei Paite Pawi Asho Khumi Sho Burmese Hualngo Tedim Lai Muan Thado Matu __________________________________________________________________ one amah pakhat khat pakhat hnat ha tumat thit two anih pahnih nih pannih hnih nya hnihhnit three chum pathum thum Pathum thum hum chum thung four marl pali li Pali li Palyh khli li five manga panga nga panga ngaw pang hma nga six taruk paruk guk paruk sok tureu chuk cheuk seven lareh pasarih sagih pasarih sih saryh chih khunit eight nipan pariat giat pariat set taja choir sit nine maipan pakua kua pakua kua takaw kao ku tenthara thara sawm sawm pahra ha ho hra lase Zoram (Zoland) The land occupied by the majority of the Zo people extends from a latitude of about 25 degrees 30 minutes North in the Somra Tracts facing Mt. Saramati, and in Nagaland across the Namtaleik River and the .North Cachar Hills, to about 20 degrees 30 minutes North. The Asho live further south of the Arakan Yomas, Irrawaddy valleys and Pegu Yomas (below Procne and Sandaway). All these areas fall between 92 degrees 10 minutes East and 94 degrees 20 minutes East. The north-south length of the Zo country is roughly 350 miles (500 km) and it is generally about 120 miles (192 km) wide. The majority of the people occupy the Indo-Burman ranges, a series of parallel mountain chains trending north-south along the India-Burma boundary. The mountain ranges are a continuation of the Naga and Patkoi hills, extending as far south as Arakan Yomas. Fast Zoram lies in the eastern part of these mountains and is higher than the western mountains (West Zoram or Mizoram). The highest peaks in these ranges are Ngulluvum, Innbuk.22 Thuamvum (Kennedy peak), Lentlang, Kharantlang, Rungtlang, and Arterawttlang (Mt. Victoria), which is the highest peak in Zo country at 10.400 feet or 3412 meters. The other peaks are in average about 8700 feet or 2854 meters high. In West Zoram the highest peak is Phawngpui (Blue Mountain), which is 6598 feet or 2164 meters high. At the north and south ends of Zo country the land is less rugged and rises from 2000 to 4000 feet, or 656 to 1312 meters. The capital of West Zoram, Aizawl, lies at 3700 feet or 1214 meters above sea level, whereas Haka (Halkha), the capital of East Zoram, is at 7500 feet or 2460 meters. The valleys between ranges are mostly v-shaped gorges, and there are very few flat areas to serve as, agricultural land. Because the elevations can vary quite extensively temperatures also vary greatly. In the valleys of the larger rivers, such as the Run or Manipur Rivers, the climate is sub-tropical. Ten miles or 16 kilometers away, however, at an elevation of 6000 feet (20W meters) and at the top of mountain ranges, the climate is rather moderate. The climate is “monsoon” and rain falls from May to October. Average rainfall for the year is between 70 inches (178 cm) and 170 inches (432 cm). Average yearly rain in Aizawl is 82 inches (208 cm), Lunglei 138 inches (350 cm), Haka 90 inches (228 cm), and Kanpetlet 109 inches (276 cm). In one year Haka had 118 rainy days and Kanpetlet 127 days. Summer temperatures range between 64 to 84 degrees F (17 to 29 degrees Centigrade), and winter temperatures are between 37 and 75 degrees F (3 to 24 degrees Centigrade). Some places, like the town of Haka, are chilly in winter and temperatures can drop below the freezing point in the night and frost form on the grass. Snow falls very rarely, and when it does the people call “the mountain has vomited.” To overcome the cold, Zo people built houses with thatch roofing and often double layered split bamboo walling. The houses were separated into two parts. One part was completely closed except for the main entrance with a door. In this part of Elie room, the people cooked, slept, and spent their evenings sitting around the fire place during the colder periods of the year. To conserve the heat during the night, the glowing charcoal was buried under ashes, to keep that part of the house comfortably warm during the night. Around the fire place was the master bed, usually two wooden planks about five feet wide combined.23 The pillow was a rectangular wood place about 4 inches in diameter. The children slept on the other side of the fire place. The guests slept on mats on the third side of the fire place. This might explain the assertion that Zo people were filthy and never washed themselves. This is, of course, partly true in some areas. Zo people did not wash themselves at regular intervals but randomly whenever they conic across a stream or a pool of water. Their water supply at their own dwellings might not be enough for body washing, as it has to be carried up hill from the water fountain or another source. Although they might have washed themselves clean, the smoke. ashes, and dust made them quickly dirty again. When nights were not cold, the front part of the house, which is open at the front, is used for almost all activities including sleeping purposes. Because people did not have many warm clothes, the blanket that were used in the night might have been the only cloth to protect the body from the cold during the day. This was very much the practice of every Zo during the earlier days when shirts and pants were unknown to them. To cover the private parts, the women wore very short or mini skirts which barely covered the upper part of the thigh. They usually covered their breasts until they became mother. After becoming a mother, hiding of the breast is not deemed necessary. In some parts of the Zo country, young or old Zo women never hid their breasts. Men usually wore loin cloths: however older men may have worn nothing at all except a blanket when it was cold. To prevent the freezing of their hands in times of warfare, the men slept with hands dipped in cold water during the winter nights. In higher parts of the mountain ranges, pine and rhododendron flourish. In lower areas teak, bamboo, and similar plants are abundant. Farmers grow potatoes, maize, millets, sweet potatoes, plums. and apples in the higher altitudes. Rice, oranges, and pine apples are grown in the lower valleys. Except for the lower part of Zapan (Kaladan), all rivers flow turbulently through rugged country. They are full of rapids which carry boulders and silt. During the rainy season these rivers are especially formidable. All of Zoland is hilly, except for small stretches of plain. The largest such plain is the plateau in the Champhai-Cikha area. Others are near Thlanthlang Khuabung, Letak, Buangtu. Mung-plang, Khuaphual. and Botsung. In these flat areas wet cultivation24 is practised, using animal power. The low lying Paletwa and Kolosib areas offer the best agricultural land. There are very few lakes in Zoland. The biggest lakes are Rih Li in the Hualngo area in East Zoram and Palk Lake in the south of West Zoram. Because of the rugged nature of the land. communication and transportation are difficult. At the present time dirt roads connect towns in both East and West Zoram, and the Kaladan river is navigable from Paletwa to the Indian Ocean. In addition, the Tlawng or Dhaleswari streams could in the future be developed for navigation. Production from Zo country is limited to agriculture. A few products, mostly fruits, are being exported. Blessed with a variety of climate. Zo people can produce almost all types of fruits, tropical or temperate. There is a noticeable improvement in this field. Other products. such as silk and turpentine, are becoming popular. The potential also exists for exportation of furniture and similar products. In the past, elephants, tigers, leopards, bears, wild dogs, bison. deer, and wild boar inhabited Zoland. With the appearance of firearms these animals have become nearly extinct. Fish in the streams have been ruthlessly killed with dynamite and poison, and most of the rivers and streams in Zoram are empty of larger species of fish. Zoram is predominantly made of silty shale and sandstone. Limestone and igneous rocks are also found. The silty shale and sandstone are relatively soft formations, easily washed away by rain. which results in landslides. Because of this, roads built on the slopes of the mountains are difficult to maintain. Ngawcinpau named these rocks “Zoflysch” because of their similarity to the Flysch rocks of the Alps in Switzerland. The oldest rocks in Zoram are the schists, that make up Arterawttlang (Mt. Victoria). They were deposited some six hundred million years ago. The “Zoflysch” was deposited sonic fifty million years ago. Basic igneous rocks displaced info the “Zoflysch” during the building of the Indo-Burman ranges, some thirty to forty million years ago. Suangdongtlang (Webula), Bukpivum, Ngullumual (Mwetaung), Leisan, Nattaung (Dawimual). and many small peaks along the Zo-Burma border are built of chromite and nickel25 bearing ultrabasic rocks. Garnierite, a nickel silicate mineral, was discovered by Ngawcinpau, the first Zo geologist, on the Ngullumual. The nickel content was 1.19 to 4.59 percent. Ngullumual has the economic potential for nickel mining. The author discovered chromite in these same ultrabasic rocks. Other important minerals found in these rocks are talc, from which talcum powder is made. and asbestos, which is used as insulation material in industry. Other commercially interesting rocks are slate and limestone. State is used traditionally as roofing material. Limestone can be used for the manufacture of cement. Abundant limestone is found in Lungrangtlang (Haka), and Paha (Tedim).